METRICStanford

Retracted randomized trials from super-retractors and top-cited scientists with multiple retractions Importance Multiple retractions from the same author often uncover issues affecting their entire work, such as having systematically altered or fabricated data. Objectives Evaluate the contribution…

Retracted randomized trials from super-retractors and top-cited scientists with multiple retractions. Chunwei Lyu, Minoo Matbouriahi, Florian Naudet, John P.A. Ioannidis, Ioana Alina Cristea. medRxiv 2025.11.23.25340834; doi:

Most science is published from countries lacking in democracy and freedom of press - Research Integrity and Peer Review Background Democracy and freedom of press may affect how science is prioritized, produced, communicated and disseminated. We aimed to map the production of scientific publications worldwide in terms…

Ioannidis JPA, Baas J. Most science is published from countries lacking in democracy and freedom of press. Res Integr Peer Rev. 2026 Feb 5;11(1):4. doi:10.1186/s41073-026-00190-6.

Reclassification and Weighting of Multiple Causes of Death: US Death Certificates 2003–2023 In death certificates Entity Axis reflects reported death causes in their original order, and Record Axis reflects standardized re-classifications processed with expert rules. Additionally, while…

Levitt M, Marten B, Oren G, Ioannidis JPA. Reclassification and Weighting of Multiple Causes of Death: US Death Certificates 2003-2023. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2026 Feb 3:2026.01.31.26345264. doi: 10.64898/2026.01.31.26345264. www.medrxiv.org/content/10.6...

Science-wide mapping and ranking of institutions based on affiliated authors' impact and research integrity indicators Background: Evaluation of institutions typically try to measure impact in various ways but pay little or no attention to research integrity and adjustment for institutional size. Here, we aimed to generate...

Science-wide mapping and ranking of institutions based on affiliated authors' impact and research integrity indicators. John Ioannidis, Jeroen Baas, Roy Boverhof, Cyril Voyant. doi: doi.org/10.64898/202... (version 2, revised).

Evolution of Reporting P-values Across the Biomedical Literature, 1990-2025: an Updated Meta-Research Study Importance Over several decades there have been extensive debates on the use and misuse of statistical significance. It would be important to capture what P -values are reported in biomedical papers…

Evolution of Reporting P-values Across the Biomedical Literature, 1990-2025: an Updated Meta-Research Study. Jinhyeok Choi, Keeheon Lee, David Chavalarias, Jae Il Shin, John P A Ioannidis. medRxiv 2026.01.14.26344149; doi:

Science Journalism and advocacy: disseminating, facilitating, defending, shaping, terrorizing, or usurping science? SSRN 2025

An umbrella review of systematic reviews of the impact of wrist-worn wearables on health outcomes | Physiological Reviews | American Physiological Society We conducted an umbrella review to synthesize the evidence on the effectiveness of interventions incorporating wrist-worn wearables' feedback on diverse health outcomes including health promotion…

Glisic M, Llane A, Stojic S, Llanaj E, Roa-Díaz ZM, Raguindin PF, Kastrati L, Weed L, Turakhia MP, Ashley E, Muka T, Ioannidis JPA. An umbrella review of systematic reviews of the impact of wrist-worn wearables on health outcomes. Physiol Rev. 2025 Dec 29.

Kent DM, Ioannidis JPA. Adversarial Collaboration as a Strategy for Credible Biomedical Science. JAMA. 2026 Jan 5. doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.23911. jamanetwork.com/journals/jam...

OSF Background: Risk of bias assessment tools like ROBINS-I have been developed to identify biases in non-randomized studies of interventions. However, additional factors related to study design, reporting,...

Factors influencing the trustworthiness of non-randomized studies of interventions: a scoping review. Idowu Adegboye, Isabelle Boutron, Carolina Graña Possamai, John P.A. Ioannidis, Asbjørn Hróbjartsson, Raphaël Porch. MetaArXiv 2025,

Most science is published from countries lacking in democracy and freedom of press Background Democracy and freedom of press may affect how science is prioritized, produced, communicated and disseminated. We aimed to map the production of scientific publications worldwide in terms…

Most science is published from countries lacking in democracy and freedom of press. John P.A. Ioannidis, Jeroen Baas. bioRxiv 2025.07.03.663115; doi:

Retracted randomized trials attributed to super-retractors and top-cited scientists with multiple retractions: secondary analysis of the VITALITY retrospective cohort Importance Multiple retractions from the same author often uncover issues affecting their entire work, such as having systematically altered or fabricated data. Objectives Evaluate the contribution…

Retracted randomized trials attributed to super-retractors and top-cited scientists with multiple retractions: secondary analysis of the VITALITY retrospective cohort. Chunwei Lyu, Minoo Matbouriahi, Florian Naudet, John P.A. Ioannidis, Ioana Alina Cristea. medRxiv; doi:

Registration and reporting of clinical trials affiliated with California universities and with primary completion date from 2014 to 2017 - Trials Background Public information on US clinical trials is shared through the ClinicalTrials.gov registry. This study’s goal was to determine prospective registration, results reporting, trial…

Malički M, Nachev V, Wieschowski S, ... , Carlisle BG, Franzen DL, Salholz-Hillel M, Goodman SN, Strech D. Registration and reporting of clinical trials affiliated with California universities and with primary completion date from 2014 to 2017. Trials. 2025.

Effective Antivirals in Pandemic Preparedness: Past Mistakes, Future Needs Pandemic preparedness has focused overwhelmingly on vaccines, leaving antivirals development underfunded, delayed, and fragmented. Drawing on COVID-19 less

Panagiotopoulos AP, Anastassopoulou C, Tsakris A, Ioannidis JPA. Effective Antivirals in Pandemic Preparedness: Past Mistakes, Future Needs. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Nov 25:ciaf648. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaf648.

Gosling CJ, Garcia-Argibay M, De Prisco M, Arrondo G, Ayrolles A, Antoun S, Caparos S, ... , Cortese S. Benefits and harms of ADHD interventions: umbrella review and platform for shared decision making. BMJ. 2025 Nov 26;391:e085875. doi: 10.1136/bmj-2025-085875.

Reporting quality, effect sizes, and biases for aging interventions: a methodological appraisal of the DrugAge database - npj Aging npj Aging - Reporting quality, effect sizes, and biases for aging interventions: a methodological appraisal of the DrugAge database

Parish A, Ioannidis JPA, Zhang K, Barardo D, R Swindell W, de Magalhães JP. Reporting quality, effect sizes, and biases for aging interventions: a methodological appraisal of the DrugAge database. NPJ Aging. 2025 Nov 27;11(1):96. doi: 10.1038/s41514-025-00287-0.

Concordance between European medicine agency good clinical practice inspections and medical literature: a meta-research survey - BMC Medicine Background Health authorities, such as the European Medicines Agency (EMA), inspect clinical sites performing clinical trials and occasionally find evidence of substantial departures from Good…

Terré A, Becker O, Ioannidis JPA, Naudet F. Concordance between European medicine agency good clinical practice inspections and medical literature: a meta-research survey. BMC Med. 2025 Dec 3;23(1):674. doi:10.1186/s12916-025-04499-9.

Science-wide mapping and ranking of institutions based on affiliated authors Standardized information on the size of institutions and on their concentration of high-impact scientists is missing. Here, we generate institution-level data on 6,979 institutions with >=50 authors…

Science-wide mapping and ranking of institutions based on affiliated authors. John Ioannidis, Jeroen Baas, Roy Boverhof, Cyril Voyant. bioRxiv 2025.12.16.694665; doi: doi.org/10.64898/202...

Trustworthiness and Transparency Features Were Less Frequent in Randomized Trials Presenting Large Effects in Abstracts OBJECTIVES Large effect sizes (ESs), especially when prominently presented in trial abstracts, draw large attention, but it is important to understand whether they are trustworthy. We aimed to assess…

Trustworthiness and Transparency Features Were Less Frequent in Randomized Trials Presenting Large Effects in Abstracts. Jonathan F. Henssler, Joana Reis-Pardal, Lina Koppel, John P.A. Ioannidis. medRxiv 2025.10.20.25338369; doi:

Effects of polygenic risk score communication on health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis Objective The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize evidence from all RCTs to-date on the efficacy of polygenic risk score (PRS) communication in changing health…

Effects of polygenic risk score communication on health outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Luigi Russo, Nicolò Lentini, Sara Farina, Antonio Cristiano, Andrea Adduci, Alessio Perilli, Christian Cao, Roberta Pastorino, Stefania Boccia, JPA Ioannidis. medRxiv 2025

The architecture of exposome-phenome associations Non-genetic exposures—including nutrients, lifestyle factors, consumables, and pollutants—contribute substantially to phenotypic variation. Most studies assess only a few candidate exposures or…

The architecture of exposome-phenome associations. Chirag J Patel, John PA Ioannidis, Arjun K Manrai. medRxiv 2025.06.05.25329055; doi:

Instability of Global Burden of Disease Estimates of Deaths and DALYs from Major Risk Factors Importance The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study provides widely used estimates of mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to risk factors. Objective To evaluate the…

Instability of Global Burden of Disease Estimates of Deaths and DALYs from Major Risk Factors. Emmanuel A. Zavalis, Angelo Maria Pezzullo, John P.A. Ioannidis. medRxiv 2025.11.14.25340145; doi:

Riedmann U, Sprenger M, Ioannidis JPA, Pilz S. Nationwide estimates of SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rates and numbers needed to vaccinate for COVID-19 vaccines in 2024 in Austria. Eur J Clin Invest. 2025 Oct 25:e70135. doi.org/10.1111/eci....

Park JM, Sung BK, Myung JY, Lee SC, Yon DK, Shin JI, Kim YW, Ioannidis JPA. Adherence to Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments Guidelines in Stem Cell Studies in Animal Models of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review. Yonsei Med J. 2025 Nov;66(11):743-752 www.doi.org/10.3349/ymj....

METRICS is accepting applications for the 2026–27 postdoctoral fellowship in meta-research at Stanford. Deadline: Feb 15, 2026. Start date will be around Oct 1, 2026 (+/- 2 month flexibility). See: metrics.stanford.edu/postdoctoral... #MetaResearch #postdoc

Tomorrow 9am PT time: 𝐇𝐨𝐰 𝐑𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐝𝐮𝐜𝐢𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐢𝐬 𝐇𝐞𝐚𝐥𝐭𝐡 𝐒𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐞 𝐑𝐞𝐬𝐞𝐚𝐫𝐜𝐡? by Niklas Bobrovitz and Stephana Moss, cover 38 metrics of reproducibility and 180 prevalence estimates. Registration at: stanford.zoom.us/meeting/regi...

Factors influencing the trustworthiness of non-randomized studies of interventions: a survey of international experts Background Perceived trustworthiness of research may be influenced by factors beyond the risk of bias, including study-related characteristics, research context, and external circumstances.…

Factors influencing the trustworthiness of non-randomized studies of interventions: a survey of international experts. Sally Yaacoub, John P. A. Ioannidis, Asbjørn Hróbjartsson, Raphaël Porcher, Philippe Ravaud, Isabelle Boutron. medRxiv 2025.09.24.25336459

Remembering Drummond Rennie—Champion of Integrity in Science and Scientific Publication Drummond Rennie, physician, scientist, editor, climber, tireless promoter of integrity and transparency in science, and mentor to many, died on September 12, 2025, at the age of 89.

Flanagin A, Godlee F, Goodman SN, Gunsalus CK, Ioannidis JPA, Knoll E. Remembering Drummond Rennie-Champion of Integrity in Science and Scientific Publication. JAMA. 2025 Sep 19. doi: 10.1001/jama.2025.18924.

Riedmann U, Rauch W, Schenk H, Oberacher H, Ioannidis JP, Pilz S. Number of Austrian SARS-CoV-2 infections in the 2024/2025 season: Analysis of national wastewater data. Public Health. 2025 Oct 2;248:105970. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105970.

Reproducibility Failure in Biomedical Research: Problems and Solutions Reproducibility concerns in biomedical research have persisted for more than a decade, with large-scale assessments revealing significant challenges in replicating findings. Despite widespread…

Haven TL, Ioannidis JPA. Reproducibility Failure in Biomedical Research: Problems and Solutions. Annu Rev Med. 2025 Oct 3. doi: 10.1146/annurev-med-050124-050859.