Like few others, Kurt Weill (born #OTD in 1900) and Bertolt Brecht are synonymous with the cultural innovation of the Weimar Republic. Most famously with their Die Dreigroschenoper. The duo represented everything that the Nazi regime declared its enemy.
holocaustmusic.ort.o...
Actress Camilla Spira was born #OTD in 1906 to acting parents. Not fully understanding the threat she faced, she was interned in Westerbork on her return from the US. Her charm and friends' bribes secured her later release but her parents were killed.
holocaustmusic.ort.o...
Alfred Goodman was an American composer and musicologist born (Guttmann) in Germany #OTD in 1920. He played violin and drums in the JΓΌdischer Kulturbund orchestra and emigrated to London in April 1939 then on to New York in January 1940.
www.lexm.uni-hamburg...
Born #OTD 1915, Antonia Bruha began writing poetry at 18 for "VΓdeΕskΓ© dΔlnickΓ© listy" under the pseudonym "Tanja SpatovΓ‘". Arrested for resistance activity and her baby daughter taken as leverage, Bruha escaped the death march from RavensbrΓΌck.
www.ravensbrueckerin...
Polish composer, film score composer, pianist, conductor, and actor George Andreani was born #OTD in 1901. He went into exile to Argentina in 1937 where his family were already living.
cuadernosjudaicos.uc...
Ukrainian Romantic composer and pianist Sergei Bortkiewicz was born #OTD in 1877. Most of his compositions were destroyed in the bombing of German cities and hence he lost all income from the sale of his music.
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Judah Swab loved the cello but his parents pushed him into dentistry to support his family. He played cello in Westerbork before deportation to TerezΓn and subsequent murder with his wife Hansje and their foster child in Auschwitz #OTD in 1945.
www.joodsmonument.nl...
After being put on a Nazi hitlist because his wife was Jewish, the bassonist and Vienna Philharmonic chairman Hugo Burghauser (born #OTD) escaped Vienna and went into exile on 12 Sep 1938, first to Canada and then to the USA.
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Russian conductor Issay Dobrowen who emigrated from Russia in 1922 was born #OTD in 1891. During WWII, he helped Bronsilaw Huberman and William Steinberg select musicians for the Palestine Orchestra and conducted it in 1938 in Tel Aviv.
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Songwriter RΕ―ΕΎena DanielovΓ‘ was born #OTD in 1904. During the Nazi occupation in 1943 she and her family were deported to Auschwitz-Birkenau, where she lost her husband and all five children. She wrote the song "In Auschwitz is a Great House" in response.
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German soprano Lotte Lehmann was born #OTD in 1888. Before Germany annexed Austria in 1938, Lehmann emigrated to the US where she continued to sing and support other musical refugees escaping Nazi Germany.
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Polish composer Roman Haubenstock-Ramati was born #OTD in 1919. Rising Nazi aggression in Vienna forced the composerβs family to move to Lviv. In 1941 he was arrested by the Soviet authorities but a 1942 amnesty allowed him to join the Polish army.
culture.pl/en/artist...
#OTD 1946 in the Nuremberg trials, the Jewish poet Abraham Sutzkever testified about the murder of almost 80,000 Jews in Vilnius by Germans who occupied the city.
holocaustmusic.ort.o...
Polish concert pianist Natalia Karp was born #OTD in 1911. After being commanded to play for the Plaszow commandant, Amon Goeth's birthday, she and her sister, a ballerina, were spared execution. They survived #Auschwitz.
www.telegraph.co.uk/...
Before deportation, pianist EliΕ‘ka KleinovΓ‘ (born #OTD 1912) taught music to support herself and her brother. He and Hans Krasa planned to save their music in TerezΓn by entrusting manuscripts to Irma Semtzka later given to EliΕ‘ka in Prague after the war.
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In 1933, actress and singer Nina Freund (born #OTD 1902) exiled to Czechoslovakia with her husband, where she organized aid for surviving relatives of Nazi victims and was a courier for the United Front. In 1939 the couple fled to London.
www.lexm.uni-hamburg...
Part of a musical Sinti family, Martha Eckstein (born #OTD in 1925) was deported along with 16 members of her family to Auschwitz in Mar 1943. While most of her family perished, she survived.
www.lexm.uni-hamburg...
Cantor and singer Heinz Wartenberger (born #OTD in 1887) his wife and son fled to Shanghai in Aug 1939. Although he continued to be involved in the religious community there his involvement diminished until they left to reach NY via Germany in 1950.
www.lexm.uni-hamburg...
After arrest in 1941, the Sinti musician Johann Herzberg died #OTD in 1943 in the Dachau concentration camp. Prior to this he had been a working musician and as such was expelled from the Reichsmusikkammer in 1940.
www.lexm.uni-hamburg...
In 1933, German writer, songwriter, cabaret artist, composer and singer, Kurt Schwabach (born #OTD 1898) was banned from working and after several close calls and set-backs, finally escaped illegally by ship to Palestine.
www.lexm.uni-hamburg...
Despite growing prohibitions, the violist, violinist and copyist Heinrich Wollheim (born #OTD in 1892) continued to tour, perform and teach in defiance of Nazi rule. He survived Dachau and lived until age 84.
www.lexm.uni-hamburg...
Pianist and teacher Hansi Alt was born #OTD in 1911 in Austria. In 1941 she emigrated from Vienna to the USA where she taught piano and music theory in NY and LA. She wrote several piano textbooks for teaching elementary piano.
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#OTD in 1936, Bronislav Huberman wrote to the Manchester Guardian lambasting the silence of German intellectuals in the face of Nazism and its barbarism against the Jews, citing an incident where a girl is dragged through the streets through a baying mob.
www.jewishpress.com/...
Swedish musicologist, music teacher, music publisher and pianist Hans Eppstein was born #OTD in 1911 in Mannheim. Subjected to Nazi persecution he and his new wife emigrated to Sweden in 1936.
www.lexm.uni-hamburg...
Arguably the most well known figure in theater and film in Terezin was Kurt Gerron, who was an international actor and director before being incarcerated in Westerbork. He was deported to Terezin on 25 February 1944 and directed the Nazi propaganda film.
holocaustmusic.ort.o...
Leo Fantl (born #OTD in 1885 in Prague) was a specialist in Judaic studies, an editor and a musician. In April 1933, he was dismissed from the Dresdener newspaper which closed down on 1 July 1933. He died in Auschwitz on 8 Mar 1944.
www.ghetto-theresien...
Boaz Bischofswerder escaped Germany for London in 1933 where he was interned and deported to Australia with and one of his sons, Felix Werder. Interned in the Tatura camp he wrote various Jewish liturgical pieces.
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German/Norwegian violinist, orchestra conductor and music teacher Ernst Glaser (born #OTD in 1904) fled Norway in 1942, escaping to neutral Sweden, spending 3 years in exile.
en.wikipedia.org/wik...
Ricardo Odnoposoff (born OTD in 1914) was a Argentine-Austrian-American violinist and concertmaster of the Vienna State Opera and Vienna Philharmonic until dismissed on 1st Sep 1938 because he was unable to produce an Ariernachweis. He became a US citizen.
en.wikipedia.org/wik...
Born as Felix Bischofswerder #OTD 1922 in Berlin, Felix Werder, having fled Germany in 1933 for England, was arrested as an "enemy alien" and deported with his father to Australia on the ship Dunera in June 1940.
www.australianmusicc...
