Majority of frontline Social Security employees earn less than a living wage, study finds
More than half of the Social Security Administration’s frontline employees are earning less than what’s necessary to afford a basic standard of living in their communities, according to a new report.
Released Wednesday by the Strategic Organization Center, a research partner for the American Federation of Government Employees, the report found 54% of the 36,000 frontline SSA employees represented by AFGE were paid less than a living wage for their geographic region. A living wage is the minimum income needed for an individual to afford the minimum standard of living in their community.
The report compares each employeeβs reported pay rate on the General Schedule pay scale against the estimated living wage rate for the employeeβs location, as tracked by the Massachusetts Institute of Technologyβs Living Wage Institute.
In a survey of 800 SSA employees with over 20 years on the job, 17% of respondents told SOC said they are working a second job. Nearly two-thirds of survey respondents said they were struggling to provide at least one necessity for their families, and that the recent government shutdown only deepened their financial problems.
AFGE Local 2014 President Shaunellia Ferguson, who represents teleservice center workers in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, said many of her members are taking second jobs, especially those who are single parents.
βThey’re overworked, they’re stressed, they’re underpaid. You probably have one claims representative doing the work of three people,” Ferguson said.
Nearly two-thirds of survey respondents said they have at least one child or dependent, and nearly 75% of respondents said they were the primary income earners in their households.
Most SSA employees in the survey said that amid these workforce challenges, the agency is unable to keep up with the needs of beneficiaries.
About 70% of surveyed employees said service speed for the public has decreased, and 65% said the quality of service they provide has deteriorated.
βThe public is not getting world-class customer service, and that’s what Social Security prided itself on in the past. That’s not happening,” Ferguson said.
In a separate report last year, the SOC estimated there are approximately 4,000 Social Security beneficiaries for every agency employee working in field offices.
SSA currently has about 50,000 employees in total, according to the latest data from the Office of Personnel Management. The agency lost more than 7,000 employees through voluntary incentives last year. It also relocated many of its employees from its headquarters and regional offices to field offices.
Frank Bisignano, the agency’s commissioner, told staff at an all-hands meeting on Monday that SSA is continuing to hire, according to several employees in attendance. Those employees, however, said the company still faces a hiring freeze. A field office manager told Federal News Network that βI have been given zero authority to hire.”
A second SSA employee told Federal News Network that SSA is planning to install self-service kiosks in field offices, to reduce the demand on frontline staff to provide in-person help to beneficiaries.
According to SOCβs research, a majority of SSA employees in 25 states are paid less than a living wage β especially across New England and the West Coast. The study shows that at least 75% of SSA employees in Hawaii, New Mexico, California, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Massachusetts and Connecticut earn less than a living wage.
During the 43-day government shutdown last fall, the vast majority of SSA employees were designated as βexceptedβ staff, and continued to show up to work without pay. Many federal employees have missed two full paychecks during the shutdown, and received one partial paycheck.
More than 80% of survey respondents said they struggled to pay for basic expenses, including housing, food and transportation during the recent government shutdown.
By November 2025, SSA managers told agency leadership that some field office employees working without pay asked to be furloughed for the remainder of the government shutdown, as they could no longer afford the daily commuting costs. Agency leadership didnβt allow employees facing financial hardship to telework during the shutdown.
Two of SSA’s 1,200 field offices closed early because of short-staffing. Just before the shutdown ended, SSA leadership considered whether to put more in-person services on hold.
An inspector general report last month found that SSA served 68 million callers in fiscal 2025, a 65% increase compared to the prior year. However, about 25 million calls ended without the caller receiving service β either because the caller hung up and did not complete the call, or because the phone system could not connect callers to an employee. The agencyβs wait time metrics donβt include these abandoned calls or callers who received a busy message.
βThe wait time is through the roof. I know data might be out there that says something different, but that’s not true. Thereβs not enough staffing to cover those phone calls. We need people,” Ferguson said.
The release of SOC’s report coincides with a “national day of action” organized by AFGE. The union and SSA employees will hold rallies across the countryΒ to call on Congress and the Trump administration to increase funding and staffing for the agency.The post Majority of frontline Social Security employees earn less than a living wage, study finds first appeared on Federal News Network.
Majority of frontline Social Security employees earn less than a living wage, study finds