On This Day

1966 – Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface.

1952 – Nevada Barr, American actress and author, born

1734 – Roger North, English lawyer and author (born 1653), died

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2002 – U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins in eastern Afghanistan.

1992 – Édouard Mendy, Senegalese footballer, born

1988 – Joe Besser, American comedian and actor (born 1907), died

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1638 – The Scottish National Covenant is signed in Edinburgh.

1931 – Peter Alliss, English golfer and sportscaster (died 2020), born

1621 – Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (born 1590), died

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2023 – Two trains collide south of the Vale of Tempe in Greece, leading to the deaths of at least 57 people and leaving 58 missing and 85 injured.

1967 – Colin Cooper, English footballer and manager, born

1978 – Zara Cully, American actress (born 1892), died

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1983 – The final episode of M*A*S*H airs, with almost 110 million viewers.

1996 – Bobb'e J. Thompson, American actor, born

2007 – Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. American historian and critic (born 1917), died

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1973 – Aeroflot Flight X-167 crashes during takeoff from Semey Airport, killing 32 people.

1971 – Junya Nakano, Japanese pianist and composer, born

1932 – Guillaume Bigourdan, French astronomer and academic (born 1851), died

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1835 – Elias Lönnrot signed and dated the foreword to the first version of the Kalevala, the so-called Old Kalevala.

1989 – Charles Jenkins, American basketball player, born

1975 – Neville Cardus, English cricket and music writer (born 1888), died

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1997 – An earthquake in northern Iran is responsible for about 1,100 deaths.

1933 – Rein Taagepera, Estonian political scientist and politician, born

2009 – Paul Harvey, American radio host (born 1918), died

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1898 – King George I of Greece survives an assassination attempt.

1913 – Irwin Shaw, American author and screenwriter (died 1984), born

1699 – Charles Paulet, 1st Duke of Bolton, English politician, Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire (born 1625), died

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1951 – The Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution, limiting Presidents to two terms, is ratified.

1984 – Jumbo Díaz, Dominican baseball player, born

956 – Theophylact, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (born 917), died

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2004 – A bombing of a SuperFerry by Abu Sayyaf in the Philippines' worst terrorist attack kills more than 100 passengers.

1847 – Ellen Terry, English actress (died 1928), born

956 – Theophylact, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (born 917), died

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2001 – Loganair Flight 670A crashes while attempting to make a water landing in the Firth of Forth in Scotland.

1659 – William Sherard, English botanist (died 1728), born

1167 – Robert of Melun, English theologian and bishop, died

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1812 – Argentine War of Independence: Manuel Belgrano raises the Flag of Argentina in the city of Rosario for the first time.

1343 – Alberto d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara (died 1393), born

2004 – Yoshihiko Amino, Japanese historian and academic (born 1928), died

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1900 – Fußball-Club Bayern München is founded.

1978 – James Beattie, English footballer and manager, born

1980 – George Tobias, American actor (born 1901), died

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1870 – The Beach Pneumatic Transit in New York City, intended as a demonstration for a subway line, opens.

2000 – Yeat, American rapper, born

2016 – Andy Bathgate, Canadian ice hockey player, coach, and manager (born 1932), died

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2013 – A hot air balloon crashes near Luxor, Egypt, killing 19 people.

1957 – Keena Rothhammer, American swimmer, born

1931 – Otto Wallach, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1847), died

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320 – Chandragupta I is officially crowned as the first Gupta Emperor.

1977 – James Wan, Australian film director, screenwriter, and producer, born

1638 – Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac, French mathematician and linguist (born 1581), died

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320 – Chandragupta I is officially crowned as the first Gupta Emperor.

1909 – Fanny Cradock, English chef, author, and critic (died 1994), born

1802 – Esek Hopkins, American admiral (born 1718), died

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1952 – Vincent Massey is sworn in as the first Canadian-born Governor General of Canada.

1986 – Mārtiņš Karsums, Latvian ice hockey player, born

1989 – Roy Eldridge, American trumpet player (born 1911), died

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1987 – Iran–Contra affair: The Tower Commission rebukes President Ronald Reagan for not controlling his national security staff.

1936 – José Policarpo, Portuguese cardinal (died 2014), born

1726 – Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria (born 1662), died

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2015 – At least 310 people are killed in avalanches in northeastern Afghanistan.

1845 – George Reid, Scottish-Australian lawyer and politician, 4th Prime Minister of Australia (died 1918), born

1636 – Santorio Santorio, Italian biologist (born 1561), died

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2015 – At least 310 people are killed in avalanches in northeastern Afghanistan.

1966 – Téa Leoni, American actress, born

806 – Tarasios, patriarch of Constantinople, died

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1836 – Samuel Colt is granted a United States patent for his revolver firearm.

1999 – Gianluigi Donnarumma, Italian footballer, born

1713 – Frederick I of Prussia (born 1657), died

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1836 – Samuel Colt is granted a United States patent for his revolver firearm.

1938 – Diane Baker, American actress and producer, born

1865 – Otto Ludwig, German author, playwright, and critic (born 1813), died

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1980 – The government of Suriname is overthrown by a military coup led by Dési Bouterse.

1990 – Félix Peña, Dominican baseball player, born

1877 – Jung Bahadur Rana, Nepalese ruler (born 1816), died

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1705 – George Frideric Handel's opera Nero premiered in Hamburg.

1841 – Pierre-Auguste Renoir, French painter and sculptor (died 1919), born

1980 – Robert Hayden, American poet and academic (born 1913), died

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1848 – King Louis-Philippe of France abdicates the throne.

1956 – Judith Butler, American philosopher, theorist, and author, born

1732 – Francis Charteris, Scottish soldier (born 1675), died

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1968 – Vietnam War: The Tet Offensive is halted; South Vietnamese forces led by Ngo Quang Truong recapture the citadel of Hué.

1836 – Winslow Homer, American painter and illustrator (died 1910), born

1732 – Francis Charteris, Scottish soldier (born 1675), died

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1996 – Two civilian airplanes operated by the Miami-based group Brothers to the Rescue are shot down in international waters by the Cuban Air Force.

1945 – Barry Bostwick, American actor and singer, born

2021 – Ronald Pickup, English actor (born 1940), died

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2007 – Japan launches its fourth spy satellite, stepping up its ability to monitor potential threats such as North Korea.

1971 – Pedro de la Rosa, Spanish race car driver, born

1580 – Henry FitzAlan, 19th Earl of Arundel, English nobleman (born 1511), died

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