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Carrie Reel

@fndhope1.bsky.social

Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a condition characterized by neurological symptoms that arise from problems with how the brain functions.

159 Followers  |  1,396 Following  |  41 Posts  |  Joined: 17.09.2025  |  1.7626

Latest posts by fndhope1.bsky.social on Bluesky

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Biological and perceived stress in motor functional neurological disorders Current models explaining motor functional neurological disorders (FND) integrate both the neurobiological mechanisms underlying symptoms production aโ€ฆ

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

17.09.2025 20:19 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 1    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Why functional neurological disorder is not feigning or malingering - Nature Reviews Neurology In this Perspective, Edwards and colleagues present their opinion that functional neurological disorder is categorically different from feigning and malingering. They discuss clinical, epidemiological...

www.nature.com/articles/s41...

17.09.2025 20:19 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 1    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Changing the culture of care for children and adolescents with functional neurological disorder As members of a multidisciplinary team of professionals who treat children and adolescents with functional neurological (conversion) disorder (FND), wโ€ฆ

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

17.09.2025 20:19 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 1    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Functional neurological disorder in people with long COVID: Aย systematic review Background and purpose Acute health events, including infections, can trigger the onset of functional neurological disorder (FND). It was hypothesized that a proportion of people with long COVID mig...

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1...

17.09.2025 20:18 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 3    ๐Ÿ” 1    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Long-term outcomes of functional neurological disorder in children Objectives To establish the incidence and long-term outcomes (up to 21 years) of children presenting to a University hospital paediatric neurology service with symptoms due to functional neurological ...

adc.bmj.com/content/104/...

17.09.2025 20:18 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Functional neurological disorders: mechanisms and treatment - Journal of Neurology Functional neurological disorders are common problems in neurologic practice. In the past decade there has been an increasing interest in this group of disorders both from a clinical as well as resear...

link.springer.com/article/10.1...

17.09.2025 20:18 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Stressful life events and maltreatment in conversion (functional neurological) disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies Stressful life events and maltreatment are substantially more common in people with functional neurological disorder than in healthy controls and patient controls. Emotional neglect had a higher risk ...

www.thelancet.com/journals/lan...

17.09.2025 20:18 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Functional neurological disorders: acute presentations and management Functional neurological disorders (FND) are common and associated with significant morbidity and healthcare costs. Patients with FND often present acuโ€ฆ

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17.09.2025 20:17 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Explanation as treatment for functional neurologic disorders There is widespread agreement that the way health professionals communicate the diagnosis of functional neurologic disorders (FND) has a central role โ€ฆ

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17.09.2025 20:17 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Validate User

academic.oup.com/brain/articl...

17.09.2025 20:17 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Validate User

academic.oup.com/brain/articl...

17.09.2025 20:17 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Frontiers | Processing of Emotion in Functional Neurological Disorder Emotions have traditionally been considered crucial in the development of functional neurological disorder, but the evidence underpinning this association is...

www.frontiersin.org/articles/10....

17.09.2025 20:17 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Systematic review of psychotherapy for adults with functional neurological disorder Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a common and disabling disorder that is often considered difficult to treat, particularly in adults. Psychological therapies are often recommended for FND. Ou...

jnnp.bmj.com/content/92/1...

17.09.2025 20:16 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Functional neurological disorder in the emergency department We provide a narrative review of functional neurological disorder (FND, or conversion disorder) for the emergency department (ED). Diagnosis of FND has shifted from a โ€œrule-outโ€ disorder to one now b...

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1...

17.09.2025 20:16 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Functional neurological disorder in the emergency department We provide a narrative review of functional neurological disorder (FND, or conversion disorder) for the emergency department (ED). Diagnosis of FND has shifted from a โ€œrule-outโ€ disorder to one now b...

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1...

17.09.2025 20:16 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Functional neurological disorder in the emergency department We provide a narrative review of functional neurological disorder (FND, or conversion disorder) for the emergency department (ED). Diagnosis of FND has shifted from a โ€œrule-outโ€ disorder to one now b...

onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1...

17.09.2025 20:16 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Psychiatry Online PsychiatryOnline.org is the platform for all American Psychiatric Association Publishing journals, DSM, and bestselling textbooks, as well as APA Practice Guidelines, and continuing medical education.

psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1...

17.09.2025 20:16 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Functional Neurologic Disorders | Continuum Purpose of Review: Functional neurologic disorders, also called psychogenic, nonorganic, conversion, and dissociative disorders, are among the most common problems in neurologic practice. This articl...

journals.lww.com/continuum/fu...

17.09.2025 20:15 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Pain and functional neurological disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis Background Functional neurological disorder (FND) is characterised by neurological symptoms, such as seizures and abnormal movements. Despite its significance to patients, the clinical features of chr...

jnnp.bmj.com/content/95/9...

17.09.2025 20:15 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Overall comorbidities in functional neurological disorder: A narrative review The importance to assess and include the frequent comorbidities in the personalised care management plan of patients with functional neurological disoโ€ฆ

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17.09.2025 20:15 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Functional neurological disorders: The neurological assessment as treatment The neurologist's role in patients with functional disorders has traditionally been limited to making the diagnosis, excluding a โ€˜diseaseโ€™ and pronounโ€ฆ

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

17.09.2025 20:15 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Functional neurological disorder is a feminist issue Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a common and disabling disorder, often misunderstood by clinicians. Although viewed sceptically by some, FND is a diagnosis that can be made accurately, based...

jnnp.bmj.com/content/94/1...

17.09.2025 20:15 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Decade of progress in motor functional neurological disorder: continuing the momentum Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a prevalent, disabling and costly condition at the neurologyโ€“psychiatry intersection. After being marginalised in the late 20th century, there has been renewe...

jnnp.bmj.com/content/92/6...

17.09.2025 20:14 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Decade of progress in motor functional neurological disorder: continuing the momentum Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a prevalent, disabling and costly condition at the neurologyโ€“psychiatry intersection. After being marginalised in the late 20th century, there has been renewe...

jnnp.bmj.com/content/92/6...

17.09.2025 20:14 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
The complex syndrome of functional neurological disorder | Psychological Medicine | Cambridge Core The complex syndrome of functional neurological disorder - Volume 53 Issue 7

www.cambridge.org/core/journal...

17.09.2025 20:14 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Functional neurological disorders in Parkinson disease Objective To ascertain demographic and clinical features of Parkinson disease (PD) associated with functional neurological features. Methods A standardised form was used to extract data from electron...

jnnp.bmj.com/content/89/6...

17.09.2025 20:14 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Functional neurological disorders in Parkinson disease Objective To ascertain demographic and clinical features of Parkinson disease (PD) associated with functional neurological features. Methods A standardised form was used to extract data from electron...

jnnp.bmj.com/content/89/6...

17.09.2025 20:14 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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A historical review of functional neurological disorder and comparison to contemporary models Over the centuries, various etiologies have been proposed to explain functional neurological disorders (FND), including functional seizures. These havโ€ฆ

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

17.09.2025 20:13 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Outcome measurement in functional neurological disorder: a systematic review and recommendations Objectives We aimed to identify existing outcome measures for functional neurological disorder (FND), to inform the development of recommendations and to guide future research on FND outcomes. Method...

jnnp.bmj.com/content/91/6...

17.09.2025 20:13 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25...

17.09.2025 20:13 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

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