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Luca Bertuzzi

@lucabertuzzi.bsky.social

Senior AI Correspondent at MLex. Award-winning reporter focused on digital policy & EU affairs. Ex Euractiv. Bylines at la Repubblica & Tagesspiegel.

839 Followers  |  145 Following  |  176 Posts  |  Joined: 10.01.2025  |  2.0501

Latest posts by lucabertuzzi.bsky.social on Bluesky

The General-Purpose AI Code of Practice The Code of Practiceβ€―helps industry comply with the AI Act legal obligations on safety, transparency and copyright of general-purpose AI models.

The list of signatories is available here. Amazon and IBM are also in. No Chinese AI firm as far as I can see.
digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/...

01.08.2025 10:25 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
Commission Opinion on the assessment of the General-Purpose AI Code of Practice The Commission and the AI Board have confirmed that the GPAI Code of Practice, developed by independent experts, is an adequate voluntary tool for providers of GPAI models to demonstrate compliance wi...

As expected, the European Commission and AI Board have confirmed the EU code of practice for GPAI models as an official compliance tool under the AI Act with positive adequacy assessments. The initial list of signatories is expected soon.
digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/c...

01.08.2025 10:07 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
EU lawmaker slams AI Act’s code of practice over energy consumption 'loophole' | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation EU lawmaker Sergey Lagodinsky has criticized the AI Act’s final code of practice for lacking enforceable energy consumption requirements for general-purpose AI models. He argues that an exemption allo...

MEP Sergey Lagodinsky is asking the Commission for a last-minute revision of the EU's code of practice for GPAI models, arguing that AI developers should provide a range of the estimated energy consumption when actual data is not available.
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

30.07.2025 11:47 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
Google signs EU's code of practice for AI models | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation MLex Summary: Google will sign the EU's code of practice meant to facilitate compliance with the AI Act's rules for general-purpose AI models, which will take effect on Aug. 2. The company will sign t...

NEW: Google signs the EU Code of Practice for GPAI models, and notably, without opting out of the copyright commitments, despite earlier concerns. With OpenAI, Anthropic and Mistral already on board, most "frontier" AI firms have now endorsed the code.
www.mlex.com/mlex/artific...

30.07.2025 07:04 β€” πŸ‘ 11    πŸ” 5    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
Germany's Aleph Alpha to join EU code of practice for AI models | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation Aleph Alpha intends to sign the EU’s code of practice for general-purpose AI models, it has told the European Commission’s AI Office. The German start-up will endorse the transparency and copyright ch...

Aleph Alpha will sign the EU’s code of practice for GPAI models. The German start-up will endorse only the transparency and copyright chapters, not the systemic risk section, consistently with its pivot away from model development toward fine-tuning.
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

29.07.2025 08:32 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
EU Commission piles up pressure on national authorities to be ready for AI Act | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation The European Commission is urging EU countries to accelerate preparations for the AI Act ahead of the Aug. 2, 2025 deadline. Member states must designate competent authorities, define penalties, and r...

The Commission is ramping up pressure on member states to speed up AI Act implementation, demanding detailed self-assessments of authority readiness and justifications for governance decisions.
www.mlex.com/mlex/artific...

28.07.2025 14:24 β€” πŸ‘ 5    πŸ” 2    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
Trump’s AI plan throws a wrench into EU’s tech sovereignty ambitions | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation The US has launched an AI Action Plan aimed at global dominance by exporting its entire AI tech stack and making allies reliant on US technology. From a European perspective, a key concern is the pote...

The US AI Action Plan aims for full-stack dominance, and bundling Nvidia AI chips with American cloud services could become a powerful coercive tool. Such a move would deal a major blow to the EU’s tech sovereignty ambitions.
www.mlex.com/mlex/artific...

28.07.2025 10:16 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
AI companies get new EU template to disclose content used for training models | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation The European Commission has published a new template that AI developers covered under the EU’s AI Act must fill to disclose the content they have used to train their models in an effort to increase tr...

My hot take on the Commission's data disclosure template for GPAI models. Key questions remain, particularly on the requirement to list 10% of scraped domain names. The template might inform copyright lawsuits, but it might also be litigated.πŸ‘‡
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

24.07.2025 16:55 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 2    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 1

Yesterday, the European Parliament released a study criticizing the Commission’s withdrawal of the AI Liability Directive and arguing in favor of amending the AILD's original proposal to include a strict liability regime for high-risk AI systems.
www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etud...

24.07.2025 11:16 β€” πŸ‘ 6    πŸ” 2    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
Explanatory Notice and Template for the Public Summary of Training Content for general-purpose AI models The Template annexed to this Explanatory Notice aims to provide a common minimal baseline for the information to be made publicly available in the Summary of Training Content for general-purpose AI mo...

BREAKING: The EU Commission has released a mandatory template for AI developers to disclose training data. Unlike the Code of Practice, this is not optional. It could have global fallout, as rights holders abroad might use it to sue over copyright.
digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/e...

24.07.2025 10:10 β€” πŸ‘ 476    πŸ” 202    πŸ’¬ 6    πŸ“Œ 24

The AI Act's rules for GPAI models will take effect on Aug. 2, but the Commission’s enforcement powers won’t kick in until August 2026. How will compliance be ensured during the gap year? The answer might be the Scientific Panel's qualified alerts.
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

23.07.2025 15:02 β€” πŸ‘ 6    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
What a grace period for AI companies means under the EU code of practice | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation The European Commission has at last confirmed a grace period to AI companies that sign the AI Act’s code of practice, giving them time to comply with rules on general-purpose AI models before full enf...

The Commission has been sending mixed signals on the grace period for the signatories of the EU code of practice for GPAI models. I've tried to unpack the ambiguity around it to explain why it is proving effective in securing AI companies' support.
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

22.07.2025 12:53 β€” πŸ‘ 5    πŸ” 2    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
AI developers, users see EU’s guidelines on general-purpose AI models | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation The European Commission published today its guidelines on the AI Act's rules for general-purpose AI models, setting out its interpretation of the provisions' scope, key concepts and application. The d...

The Commission has published its guidelines on the AI Act's GPAI rules, setting out the interpretation of provisions for which it will be the sole enforcer. Some elements were anticipated to the AI Board, others are new. My write-up for @mlexclusive.
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

18.07.2025 10:24 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 4    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
AI Office invites providers to sign the GPAI Code of Practice The AI Office invites providers of general-purpose AI models to sign the General-Purpose AI Code of Practice (Code).

The Commission has finally indicated how AI companies can sign the code of practice on GPAI models. A new Q&A suggests that model providers can decide not to undersign specific parts of the code. The review will occur at least every two years.
digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/library/a...

17.07.2025 13:55 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
Dutch news outlets form new collective for licensing AI training | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation A group of Dutch news media outlets has formed the country's first national collective database to be licensed for training artificial intelligence, a move which aims to avoid them having to sue AI co...

❗ Interesting move on the AI licensing front. Dutch news publishers have launched a voluntary collective dataset for AI training, an alternative to copyright litigation and exclusive licensing. Discussions are ongoing to scale this model across the EU.
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

17.07.2025 10:06 β€” πŸ‘ 8    πŸ” 6    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 1
Preview
Lead MEPs react to general-purpose AI code of practice | News | European Parliament Parliament’s Artificial Intelligence Act working group co-chairs have reacted to the new code of practice supporting compliance with the act’s rules for general-purpose models.

MEPs Brando Benifei and Michael McNamara, the co-chairs of the AI working group, have given their blessing to the final version of the EU code of practice for general-purpose AI models, dubbing it "a compromise that retains core protections."
www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/pres...

17.07.2025 07:39 β€” πŸ‘ 7    πŸ” 6    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
For digital laws, EU’s simplification drive suffers underlying tensions | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation The EU’s push for simplification of its laws has come up against a range of underlying tensions in the digital arena, including political ambition, bureaucratic inertia and industry pressure to roll b...

The EU aims to simplify its digital rules, but beneath the surface lies a deep tension: political leaders are calling for genuine reform, while civil servants, whose careers are built on crafting rules, have little incentive to go beyond cosmetic tweaks. www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

15.07.2025 11:10 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 1
Experts call for regular reviews, risk priorities for EU's code for AI models | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation MLex Summary: Independent experts who helped draft the risk-related parts of the EU's code of practice for general-purpose AI models called ThursdayΒ for the European Commission to define a mechanism f...

While the spotlight has been on the GPAI Code of Practice, an interesting statement by the chairs behind its systemic risk parts has flown under the radar. They call for regular updates, higher compute thresholds & focusing enforcement on frontier AI.
www.mlex.com/mlex/artific...

14.07.2025 13:00 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

πŸŽ™οΈ I recently had the opportunity to speak with @ramshajahangir.bsky.social of the @techpolicypress.bsky.social about the final draft of the EU Code of Practice for General-Purpose AI Models. Give it a listen πŸ‘‡
www.techpolicy.press/how-the-eus-...

14.07.2025 08:24 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 3    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 1
AI developers see final iteration of EU code of practice, but key questions remain | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation OpenAI, Microsoft, Google and other big AI companies saw the final version of the EU AI Act’s code of practice for general-purpose AI models published today, although guidelines and a data disclosure ...

Final EU Code of Practice for GPAI is out β€” but key pieces are still missing. Will providers sign even without the template? The Commission confirmed a grace period, while a pick-and-choose approach seems to be the last resort. My MLex write-up πŸ‘‡
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

10.07.2025 13:42 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
The General-Purpose AI Code of Practice The Code of Practiceβ€―helps industry comply with the AI Act legal obligations on safety, transparency and copyright of general-purpose AI models.

NEW: The final draft of the AI Act's code of practice for general-purpose AI models is finally out.
digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/...

10.07.2025 09:45 β€” πŸ‘ 7    πŸ” 6    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 2
Decision to pause EU AI Act may come at next AI Board meeting | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation The EU may decide on Sept. 18 whether it should delay parts of the AI Act’s application timeline, using a mechanism that allows the institutions to postpone rules under certain circumstances. Momentum...

🚨 The EU may soon decide on the AI Act’s β€œstop-the-clock”. The topic is now on the agenda for the next European AI Board meeting on Sept. 18, where the EU Commission will present delay options related to the legal requirements for high-risk AI systems.
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

04.07.2025 15:18 β€” πŸ‘ 4    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
Preview
Minister og 44 topchefer vil sΓ¦tte ny AI-lov pΓ₯ pause Minister og 44 topchefer vil sΓ¦tte ny AI-lov pΓ₯ pauseFΓ₯ dage inde i Danmarks EU-formandskab stiller digitaliseringsminister Caroline Stage (M) nu skarpt pΓ₯ en AI-forordning, der vil ramme danske og eu

Another EU country wants to hit pause on the AI Act. This time, it’s the one holding the Council presidency. The β€œstop the clock” bandwagon just gained a new powerful passenger.
borsen.dk/nyheder/ai/m...

04.07.2025 08:30 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
AI model providers could see minimum two-month grace period to comply with EU rules | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation Leading AI companies such as Google, Microsoft and Mistral could benefit from a grace period of at least two months to comply with the EU AI Act’s rules on general-purpose AI models β€” with a longer ti...

Leading AI companies could benefit from a two-month grace period to comply with the AI Act's rules on general-purpose AI models, and an unspecified longer timeframe for models with so-called systemic risks, MLex has learned.
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

03.07.2025 16:27 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

At a workshop today, AI companies were also presented with the process for signing the code, even though the timeline remains uncertain, and received high-level information on the final changes, including on the copyright and transparency measures. 2/2

02.07.2025 20:13 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
AI model providers that sign EU code of practice can join dedicated task force | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation Leading AI companies such as OpenAI, Microsoft and Google that choose to sign the EU code of practice for general-purpose AI models have been invited to join a dedicated task force that will contribut...

AI model providers that choose to sign the EU code of practice for GPAI models have been invited to join a dedicated task force that will contribute to the code’s implementation and future updates, MLex has learned. 1/2
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

02.07.2025 20:13 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 1
AI licensing market requires new legal instrument, leading EU lawmaker says | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation A well-functioning AI licensing market requires a new legal instrument that ensures transparency and remuneration for copyright-protected works used to develop AI technologies, leading EU lawmaker Axe...

A well-functioning AI licensing market requires a new legal instrument that ensures transparency & remuneration for copyright-protected works used to develop AI, MEP Axel Voss told MLex in an interview ahead of the publication of his draft report.
www.mlex.com/mlex/article...

02.07.2025 15:32 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

The presentation also includes an overview of the final code, including critical copyright-related measures, the main changes to the GPAI guidelines, notably updates to the compute thresholds, & the adequacy assessment process, which is expected to be concluded in mid-August. 2/2

01.07.2025 11:24 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
AI model providers signing EU code of practice to get grace period | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation AI companies such as OpenAI, Microsoft, and Meta that sign the EU's new code of practice for general-purpose AI models, or GPAI, will benefit from a grace period under the AI Act’s relevant rules β€œdue...

❗ The Commission is envisaging a grace period for the AI Act's general-purpose AI rules "due to delays and technical challenges," but ONLY for model providers that sign the code of practice, according to a presentation obtained by MLex. 1/2
www.mlex.com/mlex/artific...

01.07.2025 11:24 β€” πŸ‘ 4    πŸ” 2    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
EU countries quizzed over AI licensing for press publications | MLex | Specialist news and analysis on legal risk and regulation MLex Summary: European governments have been asked for details of lessons learned on the application of the EU Copyright Directive’s article on the protection pf press publications to foster a well-fu...

More policy questionnaires on the hot AI-copyright front. EU member states are now being asked to reflect on the lessons learned from the Copyright Directive's Art. 15 to inform the development of a well-functioning licensing market for AI development.
www.mlex.com/mlex/artific...

30.06.2025 10:03 β€” πŸ‘ 4    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

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