Jon Stone

"Charcot Redux" - @ajlees.bsky.social has written a magisterial article on Charcot, which gives you something of the man and his context.

Essential for anyone needing an introduction

doi.org/10.1093/brai...

@HarvardMedicine have done a great job with this article on FND, focused on the contribution of colleagues working there, including Barbara Dworetzky, David Perez and alumnus Mark Hallett.

magazine.hms.harvard.edu/articles/fun...

An important study (IMO) looking at social dynamics re: FND on Twitter.

People w FND face continual attack by a variety of groups who dismiss our condition and experiences - ranging from abusive clinicians to other disabled people.

It makes it even harder to exist in public with this dx.

An Exploration of How Functional Neurological Disorder Is Discussed on X (Twitter): Mixed Methods Study Using Social Network and Content Analysis Background: Functional neurological disorder (FND) is one of the commonest conditions in neurological practice, describing symptoms like paralysis and seizures that can be severe and disabling. It is ...

"A large proportion of the discourse around FND on X is shaped by users who are dismissive of the concept of FND and those associated with it...implications for individuals getting support for a condition that is already widely misunderstood."

www.jmir.org/2025/1/e73439

Some great clinical tips on managing FND- from someone who actually has it

🌎 Join the 1st Latin American Congress on Functional Neurological Disorders (FND)!
📅 Nov 20–22, 2025 | Lima, Peru | Hybrid
🎓 Includes Poster Call with international awards 🌍
🔗 Scan QR codes for registration & info

Our conclusions. @fndhope.bsky.social, FND action and @fndsociety.bsky.social

FND treatment is multidisciplinary, but there are barriers to care. Here are some thoughts on those. 5/

Physio for functional movement disorder has important differences to physio for other conditions in neurological practice

Thanks to Glenn Nielsen for this material . Workbooks and Therapist manuals from the Physio4FMD trial are free to download via www.physio4fmd.org/publications
4/

Dont just diagnose - formulate.

An example of a formulation based on Oliver Sacks autobiographical book 'A Leg to Stand on'. 3/

jnnp-bmj-com.eux.idm.oclc.org/content/83/9...

Some ideas for communication and explanation of functional movement disorder 2/

Pleased that "Continuum" the AAN journal asked for this article on the management of functional movement disorder - coauthored with @alancarson15.bsky.social

Article paywalled but podcast is free.
Some snippets in thread🧵

Article: continuum.aan.com/doi/full/10....
Podcast: x.com/ContinuumAAN....

Image description: A white and green poster for the FND Ireland Conference speakers. The text reads: "Meet Our Speakers: Dr. Caoimhe McLoughlin, Consultation-Liaison Psychiatrist Dr McLoughlin trained in Ireland in Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, the branch of medicine that deals with conditions at the interface of body and mind. She was awarded a European Fellowship with the ETUDE program for Functional Disorders, which she recently completed in Edinburgh, under the supervision of Professors Jon Stone and Alan Carson. Her topic of study was Stigma in Functional Neurological Disorder (FND). FND Ireland Conference 2025 Date: Saturday 18th October, Location: Maldron Hotel Tallaght, Dublin." There is a headshot photo of Dr. McLoughlin in the top left of the poster. She is a person with dark hair and is wearing a yellow cardigan and black top. There is a green and orange graphic of a person's silhouette in the bottom right and a QR code to book tickets to the conference in bottom left

📢 Delighted to have Dr. Caoimhe McLoughlin speak at our
first #FNDIreland Conference on 'The Role of Neuropsychiatry in FND' and share her research on Stigma in #FND which she completed under the supervision of @jonstoneneuro.bsky.social and @alancarson15.bsky.social. 💚🧡
@fndportal.bsky.social

We can't be complacent. Most people with FND around the world still have terrible experiences of health care. But things are changing.. END.
bsky.app/profile/jons...

✅FND a core topic in UK and European Neurology training curricula
✅ New Co-ordinating Scientific Panel for FND in
@ean.org
bit.ly/3IvLD5Q
✅Functional seizure guidelines nearing publication. @aanmember.bsky.social . bit.ly/4nCtlyB. 5/

The optimum pathway for FND published by NHS England (2023) 4/

t.co/48lwfuzM1Y

This sits alongside other recent examples of national pathways and representation for FND:

The Scottish NHS FND pathway (2024) 3/

rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/neurology-pa...

It emphasises
✅Careful diagnosis and explanation
✅Follow-up appointments
✅Access to a multidisciplinary assessment and treatment team for all people with FND.
✅FND specialist clinics and more intensive rehab where appropriate. 2/

New NHS England Neurology Service specification.

✅FND is one of seven core subspecialties
✅FND services MUST be provided in each specialised neurology centre.

This is huge recognition of how common FND is in neurology - and unthinkable 20 yrs ago. 1/
t.co/XvGo0NIryA

Thanks Amy Ross Russell and Huw Green for a great discussion on "Health anxiety in a neurological setting" for this "Practical Neurology" podcast.

www.podbean.com/ew/pb-ru6gh-...

Great thread from @jonstoneneuro.bsky.social on a paper that took a lot of effort from a superb team to wrestle the evidence and many complexities of the relation between FND and migraine into shape!

👏👏💪🏻💪🏻

We hope this article stimulates research in this area. Id like to thank Jan Coebergh for starting this paper, ‪@timnicholson.bsky.social, Matt Butler, Lujain Khoja and David Dodick
Join @fndsociety.bsky.social to see the lecture I gave on this at Verona - END/

We especially acknowledge prior work looking at vestibular migraine and PPPD (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38137140/_ ) which we didn’t cover, as well as a paper looking at functional seizures and migraine (pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37717461/ )10/

Take home clinical messages
➡️Look for and treat migraine in FND – a treatable comorbidity
➡️In people with migraine aura >24 hours – consider “FND symptoms triggered by migraine” and use FND focused therapy 9/

This matters because of increasing experience that FND-focused physiotherapy may be preferable to standard therapy 8/
x.com/GNielsen_Phy...

Migraine, especially migraine aura can definitely trigger FND, especially motor symptoms.

Aura that lasts longer than 24hrs, and certainly more than 72hrs may well be FND related 7/

We have been cautious with our conclusions, but there is a lot to sort out here.

Clinically, migraine appears very common in people with FND but is often missed. That matters because of newer, better migraine treatments 6/

Lastly, we looked at how ideas about mechanism in FND and migraine are beginning to converge, especially around ideas of predictive processing and maladaptive learning.

Again, caution required, predictive processing is flexible enough to be grafted on to many brain conditions 5/

We also looked at whether migraine and FND had shared epidemiology.

The answer is Yes - BUT – hard to draw conclusions as things like gender difference, childhood maltreatment and psychiatric comorbidity are common in people with ANY neurological condition. 4/

In this collaboration between FND researchers and Migraine expert David Dodick we asked...

How common is migraine in FND (and FND in migraine)❓
Does migraine trigger FND, and can FND trigger migraine ❓3/