Prof (Dr) Sunil Raina's Avatar

Prof (Dr) Sunil Raina

@sunilraina15.bsky.social

Epidemiology, Covid-19, Climate Crisis, Public health, migration, tribal health, complexity Science, Kashmir, world health network, #SuperDemic, Himachal Pradesh

189 Followers  |  12 Following  |  460 Posts  |  Joined: 16.11.2024
Posts Following

Posts by Prof (Dr) Sunil Raina (@sunilraina15.bsky.social)

#TB
As I keep saying- we r not far away from the day when TB will lose it’s status of being the disease of socioeconomic vulnerable alone
It is airborne & all of us share that space @organicbotanic.bsky.social

05.03.2026 04:08 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

rimum non nocere.
First, do no harm.
Are we applying this principle to TB preventive therapy in the era of primary drug resistance? A question the global TB community can no longer defer. #TB #GlobalHealth #MedEthics @organicbotanic.bsky.social @microlabdoc.bsky.social

04.03.2026 19:26 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
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β€˜Unbelievably dangerous’: experts sound alarm after ChatGPT Health fails to recognise medical emergencies Study finds ChatGPT Health did not recommend a hospital visit when medically necessary in more than half of cases

So much for the hype
www.theguardian.com/technology/2...

27.02.2026 18:32 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

#AI
What worries me most is that the whole of us living through current times are actually unaware of its large scale impact
What I ask- Is the human good actually irrevocably linked to development of AI OR Is AI, the new nuclear-An elitist choice @organicbotanic.bsky.social

27.02.2026 04:07 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
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Diminishing returns of risk-based tuberculosis control in Kangra district and the case for comprehensive strategies for elimination - Discover Public Health Background Current tuberculosis (TB) control programs, including India's National TB Elimination Programme (NTEP), heavily rely on risk-based screening that prioritizes high-risk individuals. Evidence...

#TB
Current TB control programs, particularly in high-burden regions like India, often rely on risk-based screening that may overlook a significant number of cases outside defined high-risk categories, potentially hindering elimination efforts
link.springer.com/article/10.1...

21.02.2026 18:36 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

Most corrosive is the normalization:
Victims treated as collateral
Truth delayed until it’s politically or reputationally safe
Outrage that flares briefly, then fades
It isn’t just committing harmβ€”it’s looking away, explaining it away, or waiting for someone else to act @organicbotanic.bsky.social

02.02.2026 13:48 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 1

It isn’t just criminality at the marginsβ€”it’s how power, money & prestige can hollow out moral guardrails
When abuse is hidden in plain sight, enabled by silence, NDAs, institutions & social clubs, it tells us something uncomfortable: accountability weakens as influence grows @elhopkins.bsky.social

02.02.2026 13:47 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
Suspected Rabies Case In Gujarat: Man Hospitalised After Disturbing Behaviour
YouTube video by NDTV Suspected Rabies Case In Gujarat: Man Hospitalised After Disturbing Behaviour

#Rabies
#NeglectedTropicalDisease
youtu.be/Sadmx_nTVY8

01.02.2026 09:37 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

The honest takeaway:
Historically, "reactivation" was assumed without proof. Molecular tools revealed this was often wrong.
The deeper insight? For patients: treat early. For populations: tailor strategy to local transmission dynamics.
One size fits all = ineffective TB control.

25.01.2026 05:04 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

Drug resistance changes everything:
Old view: Resistance = poor adherence New evidence: Drug-resistant strains are TRANSMITTED
In some settings, 78% of drug-resistant TB comes from transmission of already-resistant strains. Recent transmission drives the MDR-TB epidemic.

25.01.2026 05:03 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

For TB control, timing is CRITICAL:
Recent transmission (0-2 yrs)
Active transmission chains to interrupt
High immediate risk to contacts
44-78% of drug-resistant TB is transmitted, not acquired
Reactivation (>2 yrs):
Isolated events from latent reservoir
No active chain to trace

25.01.2026 05:03 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

For individual patients, timing is irrelevant:
Same clinical presentation
Same treatment outcomes
Same treatment duration
Host immunity (not timing) determines disease severity
What matters? Early diagnosis. 16.8 weeks to treatment = transmission. 8.5 weeks = no transmission.

25.01.2026 05:02 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

#TB
#PostAcute
#Reactivation
The TB paradigm was wrong in 2 ways
We overestimated reactivation (molecular tools showed 30-80% is recent transmission in endemic areas)
We assumed the distinction mattered clinically (it doesn't)
But timing DOES matter epidemiologically. Here's ?

25.01.2026 05:01 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

#Nipah
The condition of two nurses, who tested positive for the Nipah virus in Kolkata, remain critical
The confirmed cases of Nipah virus include two nurses, a doctor, & a health staff member.
100 quarantined @organicbotanic.bsky.social

23.01.2026 15:19 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 4    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

#TBRiskFraming
How it is said matters
β€œGiven current 2nd-line drug availability & costs, expected MDR-TB mortality is 40% "
Reality: 2nd-line drug cost $1,000-5,000 for 18 month t/t while generic would cost $100-500
40% mortality is pharmaceutical profit prioritization, not biological inevitability

23.01.2026 04:14 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

#Nipah
History of NVD in West Bengal
Siliguri in 2001 with reports of person-to-person transmission in hospital settings (nosocomial transmission)
Nadia in 2007, reporting five cases & five deaths; 100% mortality @organicbotanic.bsky.social @elhopkins.bsky.social

23.01.2026 02:28 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

#Nipah
India rushes to contain deadly Nipah virus outbreak after five cases confirmed
West Bengal & Kerala in India have had a history with Nipah Virus Disease as cases have been found in past as well
@organicbotanic.bsky.social @brownecfm.bsky.social

23.01.2026 01:55 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 4    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 2
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#epistemology #systemsthinking #wisdom #science | Sunil Raina On Epistemological Humility and the Future of Knowledge: We're optimizing for the wrong patterns. Falsifiabilityβ€”science's gold standardβ€”privileges what can be quickly tested in labs. Short timescales...

www.linkedin.com/posts/sunil-...

28.12.2025 07:51 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

The study claims that β€œfindings highlight the need for further research to identify potential protective factors that may have promoted resilience among children exposed to the COVID-19 pandemic”
Is this biologically plausible @njbbari3.bsky.social @drinfosec.bsky.social @microlabdoc.bsky.social

12.09.2025 15:03 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 2    πŸ“Œ 0
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COVID-19 Pandemic Exposure and Toddler Behavioral Health in the ECHO Program This cohort study evaluates whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with parent-reported internalizing and externalizing problems among US toddlers who participated in the Environmental Influence...

#CovidInKids
Covid as Protective factor?
Resilience?
I thought resilience was a socio-cultural construct
Precisely why I have reservations with evidence alone science, evidence constructed through statistical power
@organicbotanic.bsky.social @elhopkins.bsky.social
jamanetwork.com/journals/jam...

12.09.2025 15:02 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

#Tuberculosis
Malnutrition-known to be a risk factor for making TB symptomatic.
But our recent experience using a case-control design saw that this & other known risk factors may actually be over exaggerated @organicbotanic.bsky.social @elhopkins.bsky.social @microlabdoc.bsky.social

08.09.2025 11:58 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 2    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
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Hong Kong reports dual cases of severe paediatric influenza, one co-infected with COVID-19 The Centre for Health Protection (CHP) of the Department of Health disclosed today that there are two instances of severe paediatric influenza A infection, with one of the cases also infected with COV...

#CovidInKid
#CleanAirInSchools
The mis-information that it doesn’t impact kids has been busted many times over, yet our effort to correct that is very limited or restricted
@organicbotanic.bsky.social @elhopkins.bsky.social @drinfosec.bsky.social
www.dimsumdaily.hk/hong-kong-re...

07.09.2025 14:55 β€” πŸ‘ 8    πŸ” 4    πŸ’¬ 4    πŸ“Œ 0
Video thumbnail

#CARCON
#NeglectedTropicalDiseases
#DogBite
#OtherAnimalBite
Come & join us as we explore the socio-cultural contextualisation of animal bite & the solutions there to
@organicbotanic.bsky.social @elhopkins.bsky.social

06.09.2025 11:19 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

#ClimateChange
Is India witnessing it’s worst floods in the current century
If we go by the situation in North & Northeast India, it may well be
@organicbotanic.bsky.social

06.09.2025 03:58 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 2    πŸ“Œ 0

#Floods
While climate science is the earliest to recognise β€œOutliers/extreme weather conditions” as critical, is it too late to prevent the impact of these?
Have we moved so far ahead that preventing devastation is impossible? @elhopkins.bsky.social @organicbotanic.bsky.social

02.09.2025 16:28 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 2    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 1
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Flood Alert In Delhi LIVE: Delhi Flood Ground Report | Delhi On Alert As Yamuna River Hits Danger YouTube video by India Today

#Floods
It continues to rain, it continues to flood
www.youtube.com/live/iO356o9...

02.09.2025 16:16 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 1

#Vaccination
Show this to the those who say β€œvaccines are harmful”
@organicbotanic.bsky.social @elhopkins.bsky.social @drinfosec.bsky.social
www.bbc.com/news/article...

01.09.2025 14:22 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
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β€˜Stratus’ variant in US: Map shows rising Covid cases as national test positivity rate increases A map has revealed how Covid-19 cases are rising nationwide, fueled by the Stratus variant, which is an emerging offshoot of the Omicron variant.

Covid-19 cases are rising nationwide in US fuelled by the Stratus variant, The CDC states that the national test +vty rate hit 9.9 % in the past week up 1.4 percent from last week.
www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/u...

31.08.2025 17:36 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

#Science
It was never about β€œI”
Unfortunately that is being challenged now @organicbotanic.bsky.social @brownecfm.bsky.social @drinfosec.bsky.social @microlabdoc.bsky.social

31.08.2025 16:33 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

#ClimateChange
India, the country that houses the most humans on this planet is expected to face twice as many heatwave days, 43% rise in extreme rainfall by 2030 @organicbotanic.bsky.social @elhopkins.bsky.social

31.08.2025 12:00 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0