and that 2) a good amount of experiments in the literature have found a late negativity effect (~500-1,000ms) for metaphors compared to literal controls, especially when metaphors were novel or presented during tasks that required reanalysis of stimulus.
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Pie charts illustrating that studies with longer contexts find a more negative N400 for metaphors compared to literal counterparts only 50% of the time.
Pie charts illustrating that studies with conventional metaphors find a more negative N400 for metaphors compared to literal counterparts only 54.5% of the time. Studies with novel metaphors as stimuli find N400s and late negativities more often.
Among other things, we found that 1) N400 effects for metaphors compared to literal language are found more often when metaphors are novel and presented in sentential and lexical contexts, +
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Screenshot of a theoretical review paper published in Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience by Laura Baiocco, Aneta Kielar, and Vicky T. Lai titled "Metaphor comprehension in neurotypical adults: A scoping review of event-related potential studies."
Very excited about our new paper out! @viclai.bsky.social, Dr. Kielar, and I wrote a scoping review on ERP correlates of metaphor comprehension in neurotypical adults. Full paper: rdcu.be/e0Qny
28.01.2026 18:25 β π 4 π 1 π¬ 1 π 0Congratulations to Laura Baiocco, Aleksandra Ε»ukowska, and Carina Rasse for winning this yearβs RaAM grants! Weβre excited to see your projects come to life!
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