The Lancet Infectious Diseases

Integrase versus protease inhibitor therapy in advanced HIV disease (LAPTOP): a multicountry, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial In people with advanced HIV disease, bictegravir, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide was shown to be non-inferior to darunavir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide and resulted ...

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Integrase versus protease inhibitor therapy in advanced HIV disease (LAPTOP): a multicountry, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial

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Effectiveness of the maternal RSVpreF vaccine against severe disease in infants in Scotland, UK: a national, population-based case–control study and cohort analysis This national population-based study provides evidence that maternal RSV vaccination substantially reduces the risk of RSV-related LRTI hospital admission in infants aged 90 days or younger, including...

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Effectiveness of the maternal RSVpreF vaccine against severe disease in infants in Scotland, UK: a national, population-based case–control study and cohort analysis

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#HIV drug resistance during #antiretroviral therapy scale-up in Uganda, 2012–19: a population-based, longitudinal study

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#IDSky #ClinMicro #ViroSky #AMR #OpenAccess #OA

Chikungunya in Brazil: vaccination strategies informed by mathematical modelling The licensing of the first chikungunya virus (CHIKV) vaccine in Brazil marked a pivotal moment in the global fight against this expanding arbovirus. Over the past two decades, CHIKV has emerged as one...

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Chikungunya in Brazil: vaccination strategies informed by mathematical modelling

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The epidemiology of chikungunya virus in Brazil and the potential impact of vaccines: a mathematical modelling study Despite widespread circulation, most of Brazil remains susceptible to infection. CHIKV vaccination has the potential to substantially reduce disease burden.

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The epidemiology of chikungunya virus in Brazil and the potential impact of vaccines: a mathematical modelling study

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Empirical and targeted antimicrobial therapy in patients with febrile neutropenia and haematological malignancy or after haematopoietic cell transplantation: recommendations from the 10th European Con... Febrile neutropenia can lead to life-threatening infections in patients with haematological malignancies or after hematopoietic cell transplantation. Infection management is challenged by rising antib...

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Empirical and targeted antimicrobial therapy in patients with febrile neutropenia and haematological malignancy or after haematopoietic cell transplantation: recommendations from the 10th European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia

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Strengthening global preparedness and response to arboviral disease threats: a call to action Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), particularly those transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, are a growing global health threat. Approximately 70% of the world's population is at risk ...

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Strengthening global preparedness and response to arboviral disease threats: a call to action

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Comparison of the performance and costs of testing algorithms using rapid diagnostic tests for detection and treatment of syphilis among pregnant individuals and men who have sex with men: a modelling... No single algorithm was optimal across all settings. T-RDTs remain suitable for antenatal screening, but the standard or modified T/NT-RDT might be preferable for populations at high risk for syphilis...

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Comparison of the performance and costs of testing algorithms using rapid diagnostic tests for detection and treatment of syphilis among pregnant individuals and men who have sex with men: a modelling study

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The genomic surveillance gap: averting the antimicrobial resistance pandemic requires global equity and action The COVID-19 pandemic provided a stark, real-time demonstration of genomic surveillance's power. By sequencing SARS-CoV-2, the global health community tracked viral evolution, identified variants of c...

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The genomic surveillance gap: averting the antimicrobial resistance pandemic requires global equity and action

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Thank you. It is the wonderful work of Lilian Li, who is our cover artist for this year.

Read our December issue!

Featuring testing obeldesivir for COVID-19 therapy, measles transmission patterns in Italy, and single dose of HPV vaccine in Costa Rica.

www.thelancet.com/issue/S1473-...

Post-COVID-19 resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in French children (ORIGAMI): a retrospective and prospective multicentre cohort study The 2023–2024 M pneumoniae epidemic in France resulted in a substantial paediatric hospitalisation burden. Although severe cases were uncommon, children older than 11 years, those with asthma, other c...

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Post-COVID-19 resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in French children (ORIGAMI): a retrospective and prospective multicentre cohort study

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National burden of and optimal vaccine policy for Japanese encephalitis virus in Bangladesh: a seroprevalence and modelling study A spatially targeted vaccine campaign would be most effective in reducing JEV burden; however, it would still not meet standard cost-effectiveness targets.

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National burden of and optimal vaccine policy for Japanese encephalitis virus in Bangladesh: a seroprevalence and modelling study

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Lancet infographic summarising the key findings and recommendations from The Lancet Infectious Diseases Series on AI in Infectious Diseases.

Lancet infographic summarising the key findings and recommendations from The Lancet Infectious Diseases Series on AI in Infectious Diseases.

Lancet infographic summarising the key findings and recommendations from The Lancet Infectious Diseases Series on AI in Infectious Diseases.

Lancet infographic summarising the key findings and recommendations from The Lancet Infectious Diseases Series on AI in Infectious Diseases.

The role of AI in infectious diseases is emerging—offering new opportunities for infection prevention, detection & control.

Explore developments & practical applications ⤵️
spkl.io/63323Ad83c @thelancetinfdis.bsky.social #WorldAMRAwarenessWeek

Complications and mortality of typhoid fever: an updated global systematic review and meta-analysis We identified substantial ongoing morbidity and mortality due to typhoid fever in Africa and Asia, in facility-based sites, and across age groups. This updated evidence can be used to support decision...

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Complications and mortality of typhoid fever: an updated global systematic review and meta-analysis

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Rapid diagnostic antigen tests for mpox and the need for decentralised testing—not quite there yet Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV), belonging to the Orthopoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family. There are two clades (I and II) of MPXV that are further subdivided into sub...

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Rapid diagnostic antigen tests for mpox and the need for decentralised testing—not quite there yet

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Field evaluation of a rapid antigen test for mpox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda: a multicentre, prospective, diagnostic accuracy study Although performance of the NG-Test Monkeypox antigen RDT did not fully meet WHO Target Product Profile benchmarks, driven mainly by lower sensitivity in DR Congo, results in Uganda were more encourag...

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Field evaluation of a rapid antigen test for mpox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda: a multicentre, prospective, diagnostic accuracy study

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Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 RVF vaccine against Rift Valley fever among healthy adults in Uganda: a single-centre, single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, dose-escala... A single dose of ChAdOx1 RVF vaccine seemed to be safe, tolerable, and immunogenic in healthy adults in an RVF-endemic setting, eliciting humoral and cellular immunity. Further evaluation of the 5·0 ×...

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Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 RVF vaccine against Rift Valley fever among healthy adults in Uganda: a single-centre, single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation, phase 1 trial

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@seanong.bsky.social takes to the next level analysis of the BALANCE trial (7 vs 14 days of antibiotics) and impact of protocol non-adherence (there was about 20% non-adherence to protocol durations).

Read his thread and read his paper!

@thelancetinfdis.bsky.social @thedohertyinst.bsky.social

Accounting for non-adherence to assigned antibiotic treatment duration for bloodstream infection (BALANCE): a post-hoc analysis of a randomised clinical trial Non-adherence in BALANCE was significantly associated with a range of important prognostic factors, which might have introduced bias. Causal inference methods addressing this bias showed a consistent ...

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Accounting for non-adherence to assigned antibiotic treatment duration for bloodstream infection (BALANCE): a post-hoc analysis of a randomised clinical trial

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Post-tuberculosis lung disease: a case definition for use in research studies Despite growing awareness of the substantial burden of long-term pulmonary impairment among tuberculosis survivors, marked variability in how post-tuberculosis lung disease is defined across research ...

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Post-tuberculosis lung disease: a case definition for use in research studies

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British Society for Medical Mycology best practice recommendations for the diagnosis of serious fungal diseases: 2025 update The fungal diagnostic landscape is evolving; whereas previously, traditional culture-based methods dominated, most invasive fungal disease is now diagnosed with non-culture-based tests, including dire...

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British Society for Medical Mycology best practice recommendations for the diagnosis of serious fungal diseases: 2025 update

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Cover of the November issue of The Lancet Microbe

Our November issue is now online:

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Our journal is #OpenAccess, so you are free to explore all of our content. But these hashtags offer a flavour: #HTLV-1 #AMR #Lassa #Neisseria #gonorrhoea #tuberculosis #TB #influenza

#IDSky #ClinMicro #OA

Negative results in long COVID clinical trials: choosing outcome measures for a heterogeneous disease Long COVID is an umbrella term for the heterogeneous long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection. It encompasses a wide spectrum of phenotypes (sometimes overlapping), and its underlying mechanisms...

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Negative results in long COVID clinical trials: choosing outcome measures for a heterogeneous disease

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The lasting lessons of mpox: infection, vaccination, and immune memory It is remarkable how the COVID-19 pandemic has ignited a new era in human immunology, prompting unprecedented efforts to study immune responses to diverse viruses worldwide. Observational cohorts of i...

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The lasting lessons of mpox: infection, vaccination, and immune memory

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Long-term consequences of monkeypox virus infection or modified vaccinia virus Ankara vaccination in Belgium (MPX-COHORT and POQS-FU-PLUS): a 24-month prospective and retrospective cohort study Individuals previously infected with MPXV show strong and durable immunological memory lasting up to 2 years after infection, in contrast to the less robust and shorter-lived response observed after M...

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Long-term consequences of monkeypox virus infection or modified vaccinia virus Ankara vaccination in Belgium (MPX-COHORT and POQS-FU-PLUS): a 24-month prospective and retrospective cohort study

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Immunogenicity and safety of an 18-month booster dose of the VLA15 Lyme borreliosis vaccine candidate after primary immunisation in children, adolescents, and adults in the USA: a randomised, observer... The safety and robust anamnestic immune responses associated with VLA15 boosting support its use as a strategy to increase anti-OspA antibody levels before tick season among children, adolescents, and...

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Immunogenicity and safety of an 18-month booster dose
of the VLA15 Lyme borreliosis vaccine candidate after primary
immunisation in children, adolescents, and adults in the USA:
a randomised, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

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Global, regional, and national burden of Chagas disease, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 The GBD 2023 Chagas disease estimates are notably higher than previous GBD estimates, reflecting additional data and methodological improvements, and those published by the Pan American Health Organiz...

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Global, regional, and national burden of Chagas disease, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023

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Kyasanur Forest disease: an emerging arboviral threat Kyasanur Forest disease is a neglected tick-borne viral haemorrhagic fever endemic to India's Western Ghats, caused by the Kyasanur Forest disease virus, a flavivirus transmitted by Haemaphysalis spin...

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Kyasanur Forest disease: an emerging arboviral threat

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G20 2025: advancing equity and affordability in future tuberculosis vaccines for adolescents and adults Ending tuberculosis is more than just a global health necessity; it is fundamental to sustainable development and global health security. With at least 10 million new cases and more than 1 million dea...

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G20 2025: advancing equity and affordability in future tuberculosis vaccines for adolescents and adults

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