Supernovae

🛰️ Captain’s log, stardate 47634.4: Attempting first contact with an otherworldly beauty whose smile could calque a star into supernova.


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The Red Spider Nebula gets its JWST glow-up All throughout the cosmos, planetary nebulae appear. When lower-mass, Sun-like stars run out of fuel, they blow off their outer layers in a planetary neb...

#Space #& #Astrophysics

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Гамма-всплески: самые мощные взрывы во Вселенной Гамма-всплески (GRB) — самые мощные взрывы во Вселенной, за секунды высвобождающие больше энергии, чем **Солнце** за 10 миллиардов лет. Они делятся на длинные (от двух секунд до нескольких минут) и **короткие** (от нескольких миллисекунд до двух секунд). © Dreamina/TheSpaceway Длинные GRB рождаются при гибели сверхмассивных звезд (в 20–30 раз тяжелее Солнца). Ядро коллапсирует в **черную дыру**, а внешние слои вспыхивают как сверхновая. Из полюсов вырываются релятивистские струи — пучки плазмы, разогнанные до 99,999% скорости света. Эти джеты пробивают оболочку звезды и испускают гамма-лучи. Короткие GRB — результат слияния двух **нейтронных звезд** или нейтронной звезды с черной дырой. Столкновение сжимает материю до ядерной плотности и формирует новую черную дыру, которая порождает те же релятивистские струи. Бонусом идут мощные **гравитационные волны** — их регистрируют наземные детекторы LIGO и Virgo. После гамма-вспышки джеты теряют скорость в межзвездном газе, что обеспечивает послесвечение в широком диапазоне — от рентгеновского и оптического излучения до радиоволн. Длинные GRB оставляют сверхновую, короткие — килоновую: свечение возникает из-за радиоактивного распада тяжелых элементов, синтезированных при слиянии нейтронных звезд. © Dreamina/TheSpaceway Все зарегистрированные GRB — гости из далекого космоса на расстояниях свыше 100 миллионов световых лет. Ближайший кандидат был **обнаружен в 2004 году** в нашей **Галактике**, но его мощность оказалась в миллион раз ниже типичной. Если полноценный GRB произойдет в радиусе 1 000 световых лет от Земли, его излучение уничтожит озоновый слой планеты, что приведет к массовому вымиранию. К счастью, вероятность такого события ничтожно мала. Космические телескопы NASA Fermi и Swift регистрируют GRB почти каждую неделю. Каждая вспышка — окно в экстремальную физику: от механизмов рождения черных дыр до происхождения тяжелых элементов, включая золото, во Вселенной. Читайте также:

Гамма-всплески: самые мощные взрывы во Вселенной Как рождаются гамма-всплески, почему они опаснее сверхнов...

#Космос #Главная #GRB #The #Spaceway #астрономия #Вселенная #гамма-всплески #космос #наука #нейтронные

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Dense Circumstellar Medium around Pulsating Massive Stars Powering Interacting Supernovae We investigate the evolution of red supergiant (RSG) progenitors of core-collapse (CC) supernovae (SNe) with initial masses between $12-20~M_\odot$ focusing on the effects of enhanced mass loss due to pulsation-driven instabilities in their envelopes and subsequent dynamical ejections during advanced stages of nuclear burning. Using time-dependent mass loss from detailed MESA stellar evolution models, including a parameterized prescription for pulsation-driven superwinds and time-averaged mass loss rates attributed to resulting shock-induced ejections, we construct the circumstellar medium (CSM) before the SN explosion. We calculate resulting CSM density profiles and column densities considering the acceleration of the stellar wind. Our models produce episodes of enhanced mass loss $10^{-4}-10^{-2}~M_\odot~\rm{yr}^{-1}$ in the last centuries-decades before explosion forming dense CSM ($>10^{-15}~\rm{gcm}^{-3}$ at distances $<10^{15}$ cm) -- consistent with those inferred from multi-wavelength observations of Type II SNe such as SN~2023ixf and SN~2020ywx.

#astro-ph.SR #hep-th #physics.comp-ph

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100 триллионов нейтрино проходят сквозь ваше тело каждую секунду — и именно они могли спасти раннюю Вселенную от исчезновения - Comande^89(16.................) — КОНТ Учёные предполагают, что загадочные нейтрино сыграли ключевую роль в битве материи и антиматерии. Эти почти невесомые частицы пронизывают всё живое, каждую секунду миллиарды их проходят | 100 триллионов нейтрино проходят сквозь ваше тело каждую секунду — и именно они могли спасти раннюю Вселенную от исчезновения |Автор Comande^89(16.................). Больше статей автора читать на сайте.

100 триллионов нейтрино проходят сквозь ваше тело каждую секунду — и именно они могли спасти раннюю Вселенн...


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SuperLite: A New Tool for Supernova Research SuperLite assists researchers in analyzing light from cosmic explosions like supernovae.


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Are there any extrasolar events that could be more dangerous to Earth than our Sun's large scale coronal mass ejection? Are there any stars nearby ... AI don't think so there all to far awa...


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#Astronomy

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Neutrino Transport in Dense Astrophysical Environments Study of neutrino behavior in neutron stars and supernovae using holographic methods.


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The Star Wars Underworld Podcast LIVE | 31/10/25 Join the Star Wars Underworld team as they discuss this week's latest Star Wars news. The post The Star Wars Underworld Podcast LIVE | 31/10/25 ...

#Podcasts #Third #Party #Network #The #Star #Wars #Underworld #(Podcast)

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Application of interpretable data-driven methods for the reconstruction of supernova neutrino energy spectra following fast neutrino flavor conversions Neutrinos can experience fast flavor conversions (FFCs) in highly dense astrophysical environments, such as core-collapse supernovae and neutron star mergers, potentially affecting energy transport and other processes. The simulation of fast flavor conversions under realistic astrophysical conditions requires substantial computational resources and involves significant analytical challenges. While machine learning methods like Multilayer Perceptrons have been used to accurately predict the asymptotic outcomes of FFCs, their 'black-box' nature limits the extraction of direct physical insight. To address this limitation, we employ two distinct interpretable machine learning frameworks-Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) and Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamics (SINDy)-to derive physically insightful models from a FFC simulation dataset. Our analysis reveals a fundamental trade-off between predictive accuracy and model simplicity. The KANs demonstrates high fidelity in reconstructing post-conversion neutrino energy spectra, achieving accuracies of up to $90\%$. In contrast, SINDy uncovers a remarkably concise, low-rank set of governing equations, offering maximum interpretability but with lower predictive accuracy. Critically, by analyzing the interpretable model, we identify the number density of heavy-lepton neutrinos as the most dominant factor in the system's evolution. Ultimately, this work provides a methodological framework for interpretable machine learning that supports genuine data-driven physical discovery in astronomy and astrophysics, going beyond prediction alone.

#astro-ph.HE

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'Anti-social' cosmic explosion challenges current understanding of supernovas 'Anti-social' cosmic explosion challenges current understanding of supernovas

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Астрономы впервые увидели гравитационно линзированную сверхмощную сверхновую Астрономы впервые увидели ...


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A view of the Milky Way galaxy in unprecedented radio color

A view of the Milky Way galaxy in unprecedented radio color Astronomers released a new radio view of our Milky Way galaxy on October 29, 2025. It's the largest low-frequency radio color image o...

#Space

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The Milky Way has never been seen quite like this before Astronomers have created the most detailed low-frequency map of the Milky Way, revealing otherwise hidden stars and supernovas.

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Арабские ученые заметили сверхновые звезды в 1006 и 1181 годах нашей эры Команда немецких ученых обнаружила в с...

#Новости #Наука

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The Radio Counterpart to the Fast X-ray Transient EP240414a Despite being operational for only a short time, the Einstein Probe mission, with its large field of view and rapid localisation capabilities, has already significantly advanced the study of rapid variability in the soft X-ray sky. We report the discovery of luminous and variable radio emission from the Einstein Probe fast X-ray transient EP240414a, the second such source with a radio counterpart. The radio emission at $3\,\rm{GHz}$ peaks at $\sim30$ days post explosion and with a spectral luminosity $\sim2\times10^{30}\,\rm{erg}\,\rm{s}^{-1}\,\rm{Hz}^{-1}$, similar to what is seen from long gamma-ray bursts, and distinct from other extra-galactic transients including supernovae and tidal disruption events, although we cannot completely rule out emission from engine driven stellar explosions e.g. the fast blue optical transients. An equipartition analysis of our radio data reveals that an outflow with at least a moderate bulk Lorentz factor ($Γ\gtrsim1.6$) with a minimum energy of $\sim10^{48}\,\rm{erg}$ is required to explain our observations. The apparent lack of reported gamma-ray counterpart to EP240414a could suggest that an off-axis or choked jet could be responsible for the radio emission, although a low luminosity gamma-ray burst may have gone undetected. Our observations are consistent with the hypothesis that a significant fraction of extragalactic fast X-ray transients are associated with the deaths of massive stars.

#astro-ph.HE

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#Astronomy

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Systematic neutrino search narrows origins for high-energy cosmic particles Tokyo, Japan (SPX) Oct 28, 2025 - A research team from Tohoku University led the first systematic optical search for counterparts to a high-energy neutrino multiplet event detected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Multiplet even

Systematic neutrino search narrows origins for high-energy cosmic particles Tokyo, Japan (SPX) Oct 28, 2025 A research team from Tohoku University led the first systematic optical search for counte...


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Звезды — Сергей Попов | Литрес Книга из серии «Понятная астрофизика» содержит обзор современных представлений о звездах. Рассказано о названиях созвездий и именах звезд, о возможности их наблюдения ночью и днем, об основных характ…

Сергей Попов и др.: Звезды Аннотация: Книга из серии «Понятная астрофизика» содержит обзор современных п...


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Glimpsing Physics of Nano-Hz Gravitational Waves in Neutrinos from Core-Collapse Supernovae The growing evidence for nano-hertz gravitational waves, from NANOGrav and other observations, may be pointing to a cosmological first-order phase transition at temperatures of $\mathcal{O}(10-100)\;\mathrm{MeV}$. Such an interpretation requires dynamics beyond the Standard Model in this energy range. If so, it may well be the case that core-collapse supernova explosions would recreate the first-order phase transition leaving a unique imprint on the spectrum of neutrinos emitted in the initial few seconds. This scenario is also suggestive of a low-mass seesaw mechanism to explain neutrino masses. We outline the prospects for future observations of Galactic supernovae to uncover the signals of this scenario, which could get further confirmation with additional pulsar timing array data establishing the primordial origin of the observed nano-hertz gravitational waves.

#hep-ph #astro-ph.CO #astro-ph.HE

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Nearby supernova study reveals how the largest stars in the universe die Astronomers observed the fading light of supernova SN 2025kg, which followed the fast X-ray transient (FXT) named EP 250108a.

Nearby supernova study reveals how the largest stars in the universe die Massive stars don’t die quietly. Their cores collapse, shockwaves race outward, and the dying stars light up the sky acros...


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Tracing The Start and End of Cosmic Reionization - Exploring The Role of Ionizing Sources as drivers This thesis investigates the Epoch of Cosmic Reionization (EoR), a key period in the early Universe when the first luminous sources formed and their radiation transformed the intergalactic medium (IGM) from neutral to ionized. Understanding this process reveals how the first stars and galaxies formed, influenced their surroundings, and shaped large-scale structures. The work traces both hydrogen and helium reionization by identifying the sources that produced ionizing radiation and examining how this radiation affected the thermal and ionization history of the IGM. Using the SPICE cosmological radiation-hydrodynamics simulations, the first part analyzes the ultraviolet luminosity function (UVLF) of high-redshift galaxies. It shows that different supernova feedback models drive distinct UVLF variability across mass and redshift, potentially alleviating the bright-galaxy tension seen by JWST. The second part explores how spectra from ionizing sources i.e. single and binary stars, X-ray binaries, emission from the interstellar medium, and active galactic nuclei impact the timing, topology, and thermal history of hydrogen reionization and the Lyman-alpha forest. At lower redshifts, radiative-transfer simulations reveal how helium reionization driven by quasars progressed and how the timing and temperature of the IGM relate to quasar luminosity functions and He II Ly-alpha observations. Finally, predictions for the 3.5 cm hyperfine transition of singly ionized helium-3 offer a novel probe of the post-reionization IGM. Together, these studies combine galaxy formation, radiative processes, and IGM evolution to provide a coherent picture of cosmic reionization and its observable signatures.

#astro-ph.GA #astro-ph.CO

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Outflows, Shocks, and Star Formation in Messier 82 Astrobites reports on the impact of galactic outflows on the formation of stars in the local starburst galaxy Messier 82. The post Outflows, Shock...

#Astrobites #Highlights #star #formation #history #starburst #galaxies

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The Tycho supernova's hidden secret In November 1572, a brilliant new star appeared in the constellation Cassiopeia, shining so brightly that it was visible during the day. Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe carefully documented this celestial phenomenon, and the supernova remnant that bears his name has been studied intensively ever since. Now, a new analysis of recent observations suggests that Tycho's supernova had a more dramatic origin story than previously thought: it exploded not in empty space, but inside the ghostly remains of a planetary nebula.

The Tycho supernova's hidden secret In November 1572, a brilliant new star appeared in the constellation Cassiopeia, shining so brightly that it was visible during the day. Danish astronomer Ty...

#Astronomy

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Тайны исчезающих звёзд: инопланетяне следили за нами в 1950-х? Шведский астрофизик Беатрис Вильярроэль раскрывает тайны исчезающих звёзд на фото 1950-х. Это блики от инопланетных объектов? Связь с НЛО над Вашингтоном и ядерными взрывами шокирует!

Тайны исчезающих звёзд: инопланетяне следили за нами в 1950-х? Представьте: 1950-е годы, небо чистое, без спутник...

#Наука, #Технологии

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Neutrinos from Diffuse Supernova Background Neutrinos are the second most abundant particles in the universe according to the Standard Model, yet they are the least likely to interact. This feature implies that detecting a neutrino can reveal valuable insights into its source. Among the known sources of neutrinos, core-collapse supernovae are one of the most efficient factories. On average, a single collapse occurs every second in the observable universe, emitting approximately $10^{58}$ neutrinos. The total flux of neutrinos reaching Earth from all core-collapse supernovae across the universe is the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB). Detection of the DSNB is just around the corner. This guaranteed flux of astrophysical neutrinos encodes information about the whole supernova population, including an answer to a currently unsolved question about the rate at which black holes form from massive stars. This chapter discusses the ingredients entering the DSNB calculation as well as current experimental limits and hints.

#astro-ph.HE #hep-ph

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Aperçus de SN 2021aefx : Une supernova de type Ia Des études récentes sur SN 2021aefx éclairent les explosions de supernova et leur impact.


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Mounting Evidence for Solar Micronovas and Pole Shifts A recent journal article was brought to my attention, and at first it may seem like meaningless mumbo jumbo but the important takeaway is the ...

#evidence #micronova #Pole #Shift #solar […]

[Original post on endtimesand2019.wordpress.com]

Elizabeth Taylor's Friend Reveals Which of the Legendary Star's 7 Husbands Was Best in Bed (Exclusive) The late actress' favorite partner in bed “was Richard. Absolutely. No question ...

#Celebrity #Relationships #Celebrity #Elizabeth #Taylor #Person #Richard #Burton

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