Changes in macrophage polarization in LT mice. (A–D) Investigation using flow cytometry of total macrophages, M1 macrophages, and the ratio of M1 macrophages in each mouse lung tissue. (E) RT-qPCR examination of the expression levels of M1 macrophage markers (iNOS, IL-1β, and IL-6) and M2 macrophage markers (Arg1, Ym1, and Fizz) in mouse lung tissues.
New data identified miR-124-3p as a critical regulator of macrophage polarization and acute lung injury (ALI) pathophysiology, providing a potential therapeutic target for managing ALI in lung transplant recipients. Learn more: ow.ly/XsVv50XesKz.
18.10.2025 09:18 — 👍 2 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
Sex-dependent influence of LMAN1 on allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness
Abstract. Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by a type 2-high adaptive immune response towards common aeroantig
Researchers investigated the role of lectin mannose-binding 1 (LMAN1) in house dust mite induced allergic asthma and found that the loss of LMAN1 led to opposing effects on airway hyperresponsiveness dependent on the sex of mice. Learn more: ow.ly/BZ0750Xb7vs.
15.10.2025 15:14 — 👍 0 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
Schema of the mechanism of action of HMGB1. HMGB1 inhibits the phosphorylation of the JAK1/STAT3 pathway downstream of IFN-γ by binding RAGE, thereby inhibiting the expression of PD-L1. IRF, Interferon Regulatory Factors.
Data showed that high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) inhibited IFN-gamma induced PD-L1 expression, enhancing the antitumor effects of T cells and confirming the role of HMGB1 as a prognostic indicator for #lungcancer treated with CAR-T cells. Read more: ow.ly/lZZG50Xb7mk.
14.10.2025 14:59 — 👍 1 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
When observing wild-type Raji and Jurkat cells following co-culture in the absence of cognate MHC and TCR or superantigen, only 'finger-like' projections were observed at the cell-cell interface. Find the research behind September’s cover image online: ow.ly/NOkn50X6mnH
09.10.2025 17:27 — 👍 3 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
The role of VISTA engagement in limiting neutrophil-mediated inflammation
The Editors have selected this article as a highlight of the issue.
Targeting the immune checkpoint inhibitory receptor VISTA improved disease severity in a mouse model of neutrophil-mediated arthritis. Researchers investigate the novel therapeutic opportunity for targeting VISTA in this September #TopRead article: ow.ly/iueJ50X6mlo
09.10.2025 13:28 — 👍 3 🔁 0 💬 0 📌 0
YouTube video by The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
Join us for IMMUNOLOGY2026™
Get ready for #IMMUNOLOGY2026™! We're heading to the vibrant city of Boston, MA. Prepare for groundbreaking science, incredible networking, and an unforgettable experience. Don't miss your chance to be part of the #immunology community! Learn more: immunology2026.aai.org/abstracts.
07.10.2025 19:09 — 👍 4 🔁 2 💬 0 📌 0
Less than two weeks left to submit your #IMMUNOLOGY2026™ abstract! Get your research seen on a global stage in Boston, MA and network with your peers. Submit now: immunology2026.aai.org/abstracts.
02.10.2025 18:14 — 👍 3 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
🚀 New from AAI: Immunology Explained — a hub for clear, evidence-based insights into how the immune system protects health.
Check it out: immunologyexplained.aai.org
Find and follow Immunology Explained on TikTok, Facebook, Instagram and YouTube
#ImmunologyExplained
01.10.2025 16:30 — 👍 6 🔁 2 💬 0 📌 0
Fall is here and so is the September issue of The JI! Available online and full of high-quality research. Read through all the September issue has to offer: ow.ly/uiQo50X32rC.
01.10.2025 01:52 — 👍 12 🔁 3 💬 1 📌 0
SOD1 controls neutrophil oxidative burst and microbial killing
Abstract. Neutrophils are immune cells specialized in producing large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to kill microbes. However, the mechanisms by
Neutrophils specialize in producing large amounts of reactive oxygen species to kill microbes. Data suggests that SOD1 is a novel regulatory factor in this oxidative burst that enables the full immunological response of neutrophils. Read more here: ow.ly/5kr350WYaCi.
26.09.2025 15:11 — 👍 5 🔁 2 💬 0 📌 0
Graphic reading AAI WEBINAR: How to Be the Reviewer You Want to Have featuring a headshot of Dr. Gail A. Bishop, EIC of The Journal of Immunology.
An essential conversation during #PeerReviewWeek! We hosted the webinar "How to Be the Reviewer You Want to Have," presented by Dr. Gail A. Bishop, EIC of @jimmunol.bsky.social.
It's a key topic for graduate students and post-docs. Watch now: ow.ly/mAXQ50WZ1kH #TBT #PeerReviewWeek
18.09.2025 21:26 — 👍 5 🔁 3 💬 0 📌 0
Researchers tested a single-cycle attenuation strategy that deleted glycoprotein L (essential for viral entry) to create strain 68-1 rhesus CMV vectors that generated high frequency, effector-memory-biased, SIV-specific CD8+ T-cell responses. Learn more: ow.ly/jrm450WV7Kx.
18.09.2025 15:14 — 👍 2 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
Boost your career with an AAI Travel Award! Open to AAI members, these awards provide funding to attend #IMMUNOLOGY2026™. Submit your abstract and apply for an AAI Travel Award by the October 15 deadline. Learn more: ow.ly/cBuc50WYhwq.
18.09.2025 13:39 — 👍 4 🔁 2 💬 0 📌 0
This featured article describing a novel immunological method details how researchers combined in vitro culture of plasma cells (PC) with adoptive transfer and timestamping to track the population dynamics of resulting induced PCs in vivo. Learn more: ow.ly/RTt850WV7PC.
17.09.2025 13:54 — 👍 13 🔁 2 💬 0 📌 0
IL-21 contributes to type 2 memory B cell formation
Abstract. Type 2 memory B cells (mBC2), identified in mice as IgG1+CD23+IL-4Rα+CD38+ B cells, which require IL-4 for genesis, are precursors for IgE plasma
A new #CuttingEdge article reveals that IL-21 is required for normal type 2 memory B cell formation. Because of this, the authors argue against the use of Il-21 as a pan-allergy suppressor. Read the new findings yourself: ow.ly/J16c50WV7wV.
11.09.2025 12:58 — 👍 1 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
YouTube video by The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
Jose R. Conejo-Garcia, M.D., Ph.D., on receiving the AAI Vanguard Award
The AAI 2026 Career Awards nomination period closes today! Please help us identify and celebrate our most accomplished AAI members. From outstanding mentors to pioneering researchers, your nominations ensure we recognize the best in our field. Submit a nomination today: www.aai.org/Awards/Career.
10.09.2025 15:38 — 👍 2 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
An August #TopRead from @carpenterlab.bsky.social demonstrates that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 is essential for optimal macrophage function, highlighting the role for RNA-binding proteins in mounting effective immune defenses. Read more: ow.ly/NSx150WTnSr.
10.09.2025 13:26 — 👍 5 🔁 2 💬 0 📌 0
In a #Top Read from August, @labwaggoner.bsky.social from @cincyresearch.bsky.social discovered that the transcription factor ASCL2 is required for recruitment of NK cells into the spleen and white pulp providing novel insights into NK cell biology. Read more: academic.oup.com/jimmunol/art...
08.09.2025 17:15 — 👍 8 🔁 3 💬 0 📌 0
Mitoquinol improves phagocytosis and glycolysis in ethanol-exposed macrophages via HIF-1α-PFKP axis
Abstract. Alcohol use disorder increases sepsis mortality. Acute ethanol exposure impairs pathogen clearance in the macrophages via dampened glycolysis and
A history of alcohol use disorder increases the risk of death from sepsis. Researchers found that the HIF-1α-PFKP axis regulates glycolysis and phagocytosis in ethanol-exposed macrophages and is a potential therapeutic target in ethanol with sepsis: ow.ly/S5AQ50WOgnB.
03.09.2025 16:35 — 👍 3 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
🚨 IMMUNOLOGY2026™ abstract submissions are now open! Share your groundbreaking research with the global immunology community. Submit your abstract by October 15: immunology2026.aai.org/abstracts
03.09.2025 13:36 — 👍 5 🔁 3 💬 0 📌 0
The role of cell exhaustion in lepromatous leprosy
Abstract. Leprosy is a neglected chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae or M. lepromatosis, representing a public health concern in seve
Data suggest that exhaustion markers contribute to the hyporesponsive profile of lepromatous patients. PD-1 blockade could contribute to the reestablishment of lymphocyte effector action and possibly be incorporated into multidrug therapy for leprosy. ow.ly/Esoj50WOgWm.
02.09.2025 13:46 — 👍 1 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0
In this #TopRead article, data demonstrated that TNFR family member CD27 is a metabolic regulator in activated human CD4+ cells, suggesting its essential contribution to T-cell metabolism and its relevance as a therapeutic target. Read more in The JI: ow.ly/bCJk50WJAwi.
27.08.2025 12:45 — 👍 7 🔁 1 💬 0 📌 0