Carlos A. Sánchez León

El mejor lugar del mundo en el mejor momento de su historia.

Saldrá en todas las portadas.

Cerebellar tDCS differentially modulates sensory inputs in somatosensory cortex and cerebellum Cerebellar transcranial direct-current stimulation (Cb-tDCS) is a promising tool for non-invasive modulation of cerebellar activity and has been proposed for the treatment of cerebellum-related disord...

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🚨 New preprint out!
We investigated how cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (Cb-tDCS) modulates sensory processing both locally in Crus I/II and distally in primary somatosensory cortex (S1) in awake mice.
📄 www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...

Como hay gente que cree que es un truco o que os os estoy engañando, aquí tenéis un frame del vídeo. Mide las rayas de colores, de un extremo a otro (sin tener en cuenta las puntas de flecha). Cualquiera de ellas. Son todas iguales, compruébalo

Dynamic recruitment of PV interneurons in the somatosensory cortex induced by experience dependent plasticity https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.06.27.662081v1

Very happy to see this message that science publishers are not only a waste of money, but are actually distorting the scientific process itself, slowing down progress. This has been the key argument for me for a while. The waste of resources is bad, but the distortion of science is unforgivable.

A reduced ability to discriminate social from non-social touch at the circuit level may underlie social avoidance in autism - Nature Communications Social touch is critical for communication to impart emotions and intentions. However, certain autistic individuals experience aversion to social touch. Here, we used Neuropixels probes to record neur...

Really cool new science from the Portera-Cailliau lab on the neural circuit basis of social touch avoidance in a mouse model of Fragile X Syndrome. link.springer.com/article/10.1...

🎙️ En el episodio de @elabrazodeloso.bsky.social de esta semana volvemos a nuestra serie sobre Botánica y lo hacemos con dos elementos fundamentales en nuestro viaje hacia el conocimiento más profundo del mundo natural 🌱

#ElAbrazodelOso #Podcast #iVooxOriginals #Botánica

Translatome profiling reveals opposing alterations in inhibitory and excitatory neurons of Fragile X mice and identifies EPAC2 as a therapeutic target. Symptoms of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), the leading monogenic cause of intellectual disability and autism, are thought to arise from an excitation/inhibition (E/I) imbalance. Here, we leverage cell type...

www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1...

La neurociencia de la desinformación ¿Cómo decide nuestro cerebro si compartimos o no desinformación? Una investigación reciente relacionada con los circuitos neuronales sugiere que la desinformación cumple una función social, y que comp...

La neurociencia de la desinformación @theconversation.com

ttps://theconversation.com/la-neurociencia-de-la-desinformacion-255121?utm_medium=article_clipboard_share&utm_source=theconversation.com

Finally out! Check my previous thread for a quick look:
bsky.app/profile/carl...

In @elife.bsky.social: Somatodendritic orientation determines tDCS-induced neuromodulation of Purkinje cell activity in awake mice doi.org/10.7554/eLif...

a man in a suit and tie is giving a thank you sign . ALT: a man in a suit and tie is giving a thank you sign .

Thanks for reading so far, especially if you are not a friend or family.

Brain Stim Lab Brain research laboratory involved in characterizing brain mechanisms underlying non invasive brain stimulation techniques.

All this work have been possible thanks to the wonderful BRAIN STIMULATION Translational Lab translationalbrainstim.com and our collaborators 13/13

Hopefully, these results can improve tDCS effects and its efficacy for the treatment of different conditions, specially since the human brain is also highly convoluted and neurons have widely different orientations 12/13

Finally, we used Neuropixel recordings to corroborate these results in simultaneously recorded neurons which have opposite orientations in the cerebellum, also corroborating the effect in behaving condition 11/13

While neurons pointing away from the electrode decrease⬇️their activity for anodal stimulation and increase⬆️for cathodal (lower half). This phenomenon could be explained by the polarization of the neuron and changes in membrane resting potential (more in the paper) 10/13

Matching the orientation of the neurons with their modulation under tDCS, we discovered that their orientation was a key factor determining tDCS effects, with neurons pointing toward the electrode increasing⬆️their activity for anodal stimulation and decreasing⬇️for cathodal (upper half) 9/13

To solve this puzzle, we performed juxtacellular labelling of the recorded neurons in anesthetized mice, obtaining these awesome images: 8/13

We observed this heterogeneous modulation in all types of neurons in the cerebellum, among them the Purkinje cells, which are particularly interesting since they are the only output from the cerebellar cortex 7/13

But, at the same time other neurons were modulated in just the opposite way, with anodal decreasing⬇️but cathodal increasing⬆️their activity 6/13

To address this, we applied tDCS and record the activity of individual neurons in behaving mice🐭. As expected, we observed neurons increasing⬆️their activity under➕electrical currents (anodal tDCS, red) and decreasing during➖currents (cathodal tDCS, blue) 5/13

Nonetheless, despite the simplicity of the technique, the results can be highly variable between persons and sessions, partly because we still know very little about how this electrical currents are affecting the neuronal activity 4/13

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This non-invasive neurostimulation is called transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) and can improve our learning abilities or the perception of a sensory stimulus, as well as some symptoms of brain disorders 3/13

a close up of a cartoon character with a swirl in his eyes and a swirl in his eyes . ALT: a close up of a cartoon character with a swirl in his eyes and a swirl in his eyes .

Our neurons are electrical cells, meaning they can generate and transmit electricity, so, what would happen if we place a couple of electrodes on top of your head and pass a weak electrical current through your brain (so weak that you barely notice)? 2/13

elifesciences.org/reviewed-pre...

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PREPRINT🚨Ever wonder how electrical⚡️ stimulation of the brain🧠modulates neuronal activity? Are you working with brain stim and variability makes you want to smash your pc and go to a mountain to grow tomatoes? Are you a family member or a friend who really appreciate me? 1/13