Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute

Four individuals are sitting on a rooftop railing, facing a city skyline during sunset. The words "for all" are boldly printed on the left, with a yellow box on the right stating, "The magazine of the Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute.

Free resource for #econ educators: For All magazine shares research insights & explores the ideas and people shaping our understanding of opportunity and inclusion in today’s economy. Subscribe for free to print or digital: https://bit.ly/3fbazhS

The image shows the cover of a working paper titled "Moving to Fluidity: Regional Growth and Labor Market Churn" by Eran B. Hoffmann, Monika Piazzesi, and Martin Schneider. It features the logo for the Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute, Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, on a blue and yellow background.

In a new Institute working paper, Monika Piazzesi and Martin Schneider (Stanford Econ) and Eran Hoffmann @hebrewuniversity.bsky.social) consider how worker flows over the business cycle play out in different U.S. cities. Read the paper: https://bit.ly/46A21Ly

Illustration of various professionals including a doctor, pilot, chef, and construction worker, depicted in a network of connected hexagons.

Automation results in a fair amount of labor market churn. As the mix of tasks at different jobs changes, workers will move to jobs that make the best use of their skill set. A recent article looks at how labor market may change as #AI transforms jobs: https://bit.ly/49GzZyO

The image displays a cover for a working paper from the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute. The title is "Why Do Households Save and Work?" and the authors are Margherita Borella, Johanna Torres Chain, Mariacristina De Nardi, and Fang Yang.

Over our lives, we face many risks and choices. Read new working paper from @mdenardi.bsky.social, @johanatch.bsky.social, Borella, & Yang for a life-cycle model w/ single and married individuals jointly choosing labor supply and savings from labor market entry until death 
https://bit.ly/4anebZ5

A map illustration shows a path with dollar signs connecting three locations: a building icon, a bank icon, and a house icon. The path crosses a river running through the map.

Differences in credit scores across race groups emerge early & stick for life. Childhood neighborhood matters even controlling for financial factors. Get briefed on new analysis by Institute advisor Nathaniel Hendren & coauthors.  https://bit.ly/3Zexej8

Over our lives, we face many risks and choices. Read new working paper from @mdenardi.bsky.social, @johanatch.bsky.social, Borella, & Yang for a life-cycle model w/ single and married individuals jointly choosing labor supply and savings from labor market entry until death . https://bit.ly/4anebZ5

Illustration depicting a city map with a river. Icons show a bank, a store, and a house, connected by a dotted line with dollar signs, symbolizing the flow of money.

Controlling for income, there are strong geographic patterns in credit score & loan payment.  Nathaniel Hendren and co-authors open the opaque world of #CreditScores with a huge linked dataset of credit scores and IRS/Census records.  https://bit.ly/3Zexej8

Intergenerational Welfare Assessments, Sergio Barcons, Eduardo Davial, and Andreas Schaab, Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute Working Paper

A new Institute working paper develops a method to study "demographically disconnected" economies--those with no date at which all individuals are concurrently alive--to make #welfare comparisons across individuals from different generations. Read: https://bit.ly/45PRSKp

Cover of a working paper titled "Why Do Households Save and Work?" by Margherita Borella, Johanna Torres Chain, Mariacristina De Nardi, and Fang Yang. The design features a split background with white, gold, and dark blue sections. The logo for the Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute at the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis is prominently displayed on the right.

In new paper, Margherita Borella, @mdenardi.bsky.social, Fang Yang, and @johanatch.bsky.social use a life-cycle model with family structure, labor supply responses, and late-life risks to show bequest motives and medical expense risk are important drivers of aggregate wealth https://bit.ly/4anebZ5

Illustration of a stylized map featuring a bank, a house with a location marker, and a path marked by dollar signs along a river.

Massive administrative data turn up new insights about variation in credit scores & loan repayment. Read our breakdown of work by Institute advisor Nathaniel Hendren & coauthors, including forms of bias in credit scores and importance of geography.  https://bit.ly/3Zexej8

Welcome to Thomas S. Dee @stanfordeducation.bsky.social, Emi Nakamura Berkeley Economics and Joseph P. Price BYU to the Institute's advisory board!  Our advisors reflect the intellectual breadth and scientific rigor needed to tackle a mission as wide-ranging as the Institute’s https://bit.ly/4qo8O1Y

Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute Advisory Board welcomes Dee, Nakamura, and Price | Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis

We are excited to announce 3 new members of our advisory board: Thomas S. Dee @stanfordeducation.bsky.social, Emi Nakamura Berkeley Economics, and Joseph P. Price BYU. Our advisors are an important resource who bridge rigorous research and policy conversations in their work. https://bit.ly/4qo8O1Y

Intergenerational Welfare Assessments, Sergio Barcons, Eduardo Davial, and Andreas Schaab, Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute Working Paper

It sounds like science fiction, but making comparisons across individuals who are not concurrently alive is useful for evaluating many kinds of policies. New working paper studies how to conduct such as welfare assessments: https://bit.ly/45PRSKp

Illustration depicting a variety of professionals including a doctor, construction worker, and pilot, connected through hexagonal icons on a digital background.

"The current discourse around AI mostly centers on the notion of jobs disappearing. But that seems to capture only part of the picture," @lukasfreund.bsky.social & Lukas Mann observe. Read about their research on how jobs may transform and wages respond: https://bit.ly/49GzZyO

American neighborhoods are segregated by income. What does that mean for the future of income inequality, neighborhoods, and children? | Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Both income inequality and residential segregation have increased, leaving some neighborhoods trapped in poverty

“A really striking fact about U.S. cities is that some neighborhoods are very poor compared to others, and the neighborhoods that are poor tend to stay poor." @philadelphiafed.bsky.social Bryan Stuart's research helps explain why: https://bit.ly/3MdPHJH

The Landscape of Parental Leave-Taking in the United States, Rebecca Jack, Daniel Tannenbaum, and Brenden Timpe Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute Working Paper

In their new Institute Working Paper @rebecca-jack.bsky.social, @btimpe.bsky.social, and Danny Tannenbaum provide the most comprehensive picture to date on the length and timing of parental leave-taking in the U.S. https://bit.ly/4aR9gS6

Illustration of various professionals including a doctor, pilot, and construction worker, each depicted in hexagonal frames against a digital background.

LLMs appear poised to take over the task of processing and analyzing records. How will workers who perform that task and jobs that involve that task respond? Our new article looks at how #AI may change the labor market: https://bit.ly/49GzZyO

Portrait of Alex Albright, depicted with a graphic background split between a yellow question mark and a blue speech bubble.

What percent of people do you think have worked at a parent’s employer at least once by the age of 30? Read @AlexAlbright’s Inquiring Minds Q&A to find out one of her favorite statistics. https://bit.ly/3KcMxVT

Illustration showing a variety of professionals including a doctor, chef, police officer, and construction worker, connected by hexagonal shapes, symbolizing a network of diverse occupations.

Automation results in a fair amount of labor market churn. As the mix of tasks at different jobs changes, workers will move to jobs that make the best use of their skill set. New article looks at how labor market may change as AI transforms jobs: https://bit.ly/49GzZyO

Understanding the U.S. labor market requires more than just the unemployment rate. Long-term unemployment (joblessness for 27 weeks or more) may offer deeper insights into economic dynamics and worker well-being. We explore in For All: https://bit.ly/42DHhk3

A headshot of Yewande Olapade

Visiting scholar Yewande Olapade is taking the skills she has learned from supporting @minneapolisfed.bsky.social's large bank “stress test” program to study how the movement of money shapes society. Learn more about her research from @jeffhorwich.bsky.social: https://bit.ly/42I0iSo

Cohabitation, Child Development, and College Costs Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute Working Paper, Effrosyni Adamopoulou, Anne Hannusch, Karen A. Kopecky, Tim Obermeier

Legal environments can affect people's economic choices and outcomes. A new working paper looks at how this applies in the context of couple's decisions about household structure, work, and investment in children. Read the paper: https://bit.ly/4oWvrd6

The landscape of parental leave-taking in the United States, Rebecca Jack, Daniel Tannenbaum, and Brenden Timpe Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute working paper

Paid and unpaid parental leave benefits in the U.S. are often brief, and yet actual leave-taking is even briefer: Average leave taken by mothers lasts 7.2 weeks. For fathers, it's 0.6 weeks. Read the new Institute working paper for more: https://bit.ly/4aR9gS6

Designing cash transfers in the presence of children's human capital formation, Joseph Mullins, Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute working paper

What are the costs and benefits of cash assistance programs to households with children? The calculation should include the long-run effects on the skills and development of the children, Institute consultant @jmullins.bsky.social @umn-econ.bsky.social explains. https://bit.ly/3WJHGhC

Headshot of Alex Albright with a question mark and speech bubble behind her

Econ teachers, inspire your students with our latest Inquiring Minds Q&A. Institute economist @allbriteallday.bsky.social describes what led her to study economics and which econ concepts come up most in everyday life: https://bit.ly/3KcMxVT

A bar chart illustrating the share of earners vs the share of earnings

One way to think about income inequality is to compare a group’s share of earners to its share of earnings. For ex, men are 51% of earners in IDDA but receive 61% of income (gap of+10 ppts). Hispanic earners are 15.4% but earn 11.5% (gap of -3.9 ppts). https://bit.ly/46XR1Fu

Join the livestream now for reflections on Bill Spriggs’ contributions to economic policy. Institute Director Abigail Wozniak moderates with Neel Kashkari, Lawrence Mishel, Economic Policy Institute; William Rodgers III, Kasey Buckles, and Robynn Cox: https://bit.ly/3sRd0d9

Events honoring Bill Spriggs' contributions to policy, economics, and the economics profession, January 3 & 4, 2026, ASSA annual conference Philadelphia Find these events by searching "Spriggs" at aeaweb.org/conference/2026/program

#ASSA2026 attendees, join the Institute, LERA & @neaecon.bsky.social in celebrating the many contributions of Bill Spriggs to economics at two paper sessions plus luncheon plenary. Program committee Abigail Wozniak, Robynn Cox, Jesse Rothstein, and Omari Swinton. https://bit.ly/4pkJN7M

Quantifying Racial Disparities Using Consecutive Employment Spells, Isaac Sorkin, Opportunity & Inclusive Growth Institute Working Paper

Former visiting scholar Isaac Sorkin develops a method to match high-tenure workers within the same firm as a way to quantify disparities in earnings and employment. https://bit.ly/4iX85Cy 

a headshot of Erik Hurst

Automation, inflation, and market power are reshaping labor markets. In wide-ranging Q&A, Institute advisor and Chicago Booth economist Erik Hurst explores what these forces mean for workers, wages, and policy in the long run. https://bit.ly/43d3pSs