flytjask fram = to pass, to succeed tolerably

í fyrra dag = the day before yesterday

glaumr veraldar = (the) noise and bustle of the world

gisting = passing the night as a guest at a place, or the place in
which one stays, night quarters

geta í kollinn = to guess, to guess right

undrlátr = wondering, curious, eager for strange news

sögvísi = tattling

reisumóðr = journey weary

Yes, I agree with what you have written, and I am not sure why the Cleasby Vigfusson dictionary has "the" instead of "a," except that there are odd sounding (to my ear) English constructions from time to time there. Thanks for shining a light on this!

lifa langan aldr = to enjoy a long life

regnbogi = the rainbow

norðan = (adverb) from the north

bláhvíta logn = a blue-white calm

traustliga = firmly, confidently

heill ok hjálpaðr = safe and sound

hurð hnigin á gátt = a door shut but not locked

hingat ok þangat = hither and thither, to and fro

leggjask ekki undir höfuð = not lay it under one's pillow, do it promptly, be mindful of a thing

skyldsamliga = skyldliga = dutifully

bólgöltr = a pig kept in the homestead

bera fram merki = to advance, move in a battle

samnetjaðr = caught in the same net

fetmál = a measured step, pace

eiga sem mest at vinna = to be very busy

líknfastr = fast in goodwill, beloved

ölteiti = in high spirits

ölmusa = alms, charity

the phrase, at dreyma fyrir daglatununi, especially of light merry dreams at daybreak, which people in Iceland consider a sign of good health

þvi er at skipta þó = it will however turn out so

skammæli = short speech, brevity