Kevin Tobia

Kevin Tobia

@kevintobia.bsky.social

Law Professor at Georgetown. Legal interpretation, Supreme Court, philosophy, experimental jurisprudence, law & tech Bio: https://bit.ly/4hQXQil | Papers: https://bit.ly/3OkT2nH 🏳️‍🌈

8,401 Followers 500 Following 25 Posts Joined Sep 2023
1 day ago
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New symposium on my book is out in the Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities!

It features essays by an extraordinary group of scholars from across Law and History followed by my response.

yaleconnect.yale.edu/yjlh/yjlh-is...

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1 day ago
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Griffin on Peer Precedent and the Federal Appellate Courts Amy J. Griffin (Georgetown University Law Center) has posted Peer Precedent: How Sister Circuits Shape Federal Appellate Decision-Making on SSRN. Here is the abstract: When federal appellate courts face issues of first impression, they attribute great weight to sister circuit precedent, even though they don’t have to. This Article provides the first full empirical and theoretical account of how and why courts use sister circuit decisions—peer precedent—in the absence of binding authority.

Griffin on Peer Precedent and the Federal Appellate Courts

Amy J. Griffin (Georgetown University Law Center) has posted Peer Precedent: How Sister Circuits Shape Federal Appellate Decision-Making on SSRN. Here is the abstract: When federal appellate courts face issues of first impression, they…

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1 week ago
What is Real Law? - Jurisprudence Brian Flanagan & Guilherme de Almeida, Lawful, But Not Really: The Dual Character of the Concept of Law, 43 L. & Phil. 507 (2024).Izabela SkoczenIn the article, Lawful, But Not Really: The Dual Charac...

juris.jotwell.com/what-is-real-law/ Check out my review of the awesome paper by @lawstuff.bsky.social & @almeida2808.bsky.social, “Lawful, But Not Really: The Dual Character of the Concept of Law”.
I am honored to be a contributing editor of JOTWELL, edited by profs. B Bix, K Himma and M Froomkin!

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1 week ago

Beloved colleague Larry Solan died two years ago today

Thankfully we were able to hold a symposium in his honor a few months before

Check out amazing contributions from:
-B. Eskridge
-A. Gluck & L. Robbins
-A. Krishnakumar
-N. Steitz, B. Slocum, @kevintobia.bsky.social
- @lsolum.bsky.social

Link

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2 weeks ago
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Learning Resources excerpt 36 page.docx | Powered by Box

Here's a public link. I've excerpted quickly (typos possible) for my legislation class next week, which is focused on the MQD debate.

georgetown.app.box.com/s/okywlr1s86...

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2 weeks ago
Judicial Sovereignty-Making at the Country’s Start - Courts Law Kevin Arlyck, The Nation at Sea: The Federal Courts and American Sovereignty, 1789–1825 (2025).Marin K. LevyMelville’s Ishmael declares in the opening chapter of Moby Dick, “Whenever I find myself gro...

What a treat to review Kevin Arlyck's new book -

The Nation at Sea: The Federal Courts and American Sovereignty, 1789–1825

for jotwell . . . ⚖️ ⚓

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2 weeks ago

I have a long (37 page) excerpt. Happy to share.

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3 weeks ago

"In foreign affairs cases, courts read the statute as
written and do not employ the major questions doctrine as
a thumb on the scale against the President." (Kavanaugh, Thomas, Alito)

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3 weeks ago

"There is no major questions exception to the major
questions doctrine." (Roberts, Gorsuch, Barrett)

"the proper way to interpret a delegation
provision is through the standard rules of statutory con-
struction." (Kagan, Sotomayor, Jackson)

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3 weeks ago

After the tariffs case, a 3-3-3 split on the "major questions doctrine" (MQD):

MQD has no exceptions, from Biden student loans to Trump tariffs: Roberts, Gorsuch, Barrett

The MQD isn't valid: Kagan, Sotomayor, Jackson

MQD applies broadly, but not to foreign affairs: Kavanaugh, Thomas, Alito

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3 weeks ago
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My book is available for pre-order! Get your copy here: www.cambridge.org/us/universit...

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3 weeks ago
A wide & growing range of laws are now subject to strict scrutiny if they burden a plaintiff's sincerely held religious belief. Current doctrine requires courts to defer to a claimant's characterization of her own beliefs & burdens when deciding a religious exemption request, making this threshold test exceptionally-indeed, many scholars argue, excessively-easy to pass. But a less deferential approach would risk making civil courts the arbiter of which religious beliefs are orthodox, reasonable, or true.
This Article demonstrates that SCOTUS once had an effective solution to this double-bind. Historically, the Court expected religious exemption claimants to show that they were obligated to follow a religious "law" that shared basic features with secular laws, including generality, clarity, and administrability.
The Article reaches this insight by reading religious exemption cases alongside a line of cases with which they are rarely linked: church property disputes. Starting in the late 19th c., the Court encouraged churches to give their religious commitments legally cognizable form in private law instruments like trusts and church "constitutions." During the 20th c., the Court imported this practice into the context of individual religious exemption claims. The source of religious rules of conduct could now be personal conscience rather than church doctrine-but believers still needed to frame these rules in legalistic terms when invoking the protection of civil courts.
The choice between deciding religious questions or deferring absolutely to
religious litigants, then, is a false one. From the 1870s through the 1980s, the Court's prophylactic legality requirement prevented courts from interfering in religious doctrine and minimized frivolous religious exemption claims. Recognizing this history reveals that the current "hands-off" approach to religious belief statements not only is not constitutionally required, but carries constitutional hazards of its own.

I’m thrilled, yes, & also stunned and bewildered, to announce that my job talk paper, Religion as Public Law, will be published in the Yale Law Journal next year. 1/6

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3 weeks ago

Very happy to announce that The Chadha Presidency is now forthcoming in the @georgetownlj.bsky.social! ssrn.com/abstract=536...

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1 month ago
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CA3 rejects 1A challenge to NJ law that limits sharing of computer code used to make ghosts guns, per Krause. Splitting w/ other circuits: 1A regulates only expressive uses of code, and plaintiffs failed to plead sufficient facts relevant to expressive use.
www2.ca3.uscourts.gov/opinarch/233...

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1 month ago
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Very excited that @gelbach.bsky.social & I will be publishing "Bruen's Tenth Amendment Problem" in the @uchilrev.bsky.social!

Our central arg is that Bruen's erasure of unexercised powers violates the 10th Am's preservation of existing State power. Comments welcome!

papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....

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1 month ago

In Large Language Models for Legal Interpretation? Don’t Take Their Word for It, Brandon Waldon, @complingy.bsky.social, @wegotlieb.bsky.social, Amir Zeldes & @kevintobia.bsky.social outline the dangers of using LLMs as a resource for legal interpretation & suggest how to use AI responsibly.

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1 month ago
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New experimental jurisprudence paper from Iza Skoczen on the legal concept PERJURY vs. the ordinary concept LYING

This paper introduces a surprising new view about the relationship between legal concepts and ordinary concepts

@izaskoczen.bsky.social

x.com/izaskoczen/s...

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1 month ago
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Standard Textualism - Michigan Law Review For as long as legal scholars have been writing about the rules-versus-standards distinction, textualism has been understood to produce characteristically rule-like law. This Article argues for the op...

Great article from @jammacleod1.bsky.social on rules, standards, and textualism.

A review of recent SCOTUS statutory decisions finds that "today’s split decisions typically concern the interpretation of standard-like textual provisions," not rule-like ones.

michiganlawreview.org/journal/stan...

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1 month ago
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The Plain-Meaning Fallacy | Boston College Law Review

My article “The Plain-Meaning Fallacy” just published in the B.C. L. Rev.! My favorite illustration of the plain-meaning fallacy is originalist arguments regarding the President’s removal power—an issue now pending before SCOTUS. Here’s a quick explanation 🧵

bclawreview.bc.edu/articles/10....

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1 month ago
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How to Tax the Ultrarich Learn about the Fair Share Tax (FAST), a practical, constitutionally sound plan to tax the ultrarich, close loopholes, and prevent dynastic wealth accumulation.

Readers, today is the exciting launch day for my book!

How to Tax the Ultrarich
bit.ly/4rk6wBM

In partnership with the great economic policy team @rooseveltinstitute.org

A few threads will follow. 1st, the key takeaway: even w/ *this* Supreme Court, we can tax wealth at the federal level.

1/12

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1 month ago

Fantastic piece from @stevevladeck.bsky.social & @barryfriedman1.bsky.social on how to hold federal law enforcement accountable. As they note, an even better solution would be for Congress to codify Bivens.

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1 month ago
TikTok v. Garland and the First Amendment Anticanon <p><span>This essay argues that last term’s decision in <i>TikTok v. Garland</i>, which unanimously upheld the federal law that sought to ban TikTok in the Unit

Apropos of the TikTok news last week, I have a piece coming out abt how the Supreme Court's decision to uphold the ban-or-sale law belongs in the First Amendment anticanon. It's not just wrong, but so wrong we should hold it up as an exceptional symbol of wrongness.

papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....

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1 month ago
The <i>Chadha </i>Presidency <p><span>Where is Congress? Why hasn’t it reined in some of the worst abuses of the Trump Administration? This Article argues that a significant part of the ans

I've just uploaded a revised version of "The Chadha Presidency" to SSRN. The revisions both account for some incredibly helpful feedback I've gotten from colleagues and also bring the discussion of the Trump presidency up to date (as of today). papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....

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2 months ago
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It was an honor to receive the Emerging Scholar Award from the AALS Legislation Section — especially while seated next to Bill Eskridge and Mary Ann Bernard (Phil Frickey’s widow).

Thanks @kevintobia.bsky.social for the kind words about my work.

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2 months ago
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Trump Abandons Efforts to Deploy National Guard to 3 Major Cities

A vivid lesson for law students and young lawyers: Statutory interpretation--and, in particular, asking "What was Congress up to here?"--can make a real difference!

www.nytimes.com/2025/12/31/u...

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2 months ago
Mapping Minority Investigative Powers in Congress "Shut down the Senate…" "Roll over and play dead…" In the first hundred days of Donald Trump's second term, these were the rallying cries of

Really fantastic new piece by my colleague Dave Rapallo. The most comprehensive treatment I've seen of minority investigative powers in Congress. papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....

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2 months ago
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How a Scholar Nudged the Supreme Court Toward Its Troop Deployment Ruling Accepting an argument from a law professor that no party to the case had made, the Supreme Court handed the Trump administration a stinging loss that could lead to more aggressive tactics.

The Supreme Court’s refusal to let the Trump administration deploy National Guard troops in the Chicago area was in large part the result of a friend-of-the-court brief written over a weekend and submitted by a Georgetown law professor.

Here's who he is, and why the brief proved so important.

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2 months ago

Big ups to Marty Lederman @martylederman.bsky.social who flagged this argument that SCOTUS relied on (that regular forces refer to military forces, not federal law enforcement).

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3 months ago
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Bystranowski et al on the Empirical Turn in Statutory Interpretation Piotr Bystranowski (Interdisciplinary Centre for Ethics; Jagiellonian University; Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltenökonomik), Ivar Hannikainen (Department of Philosophy I, University of Granada), Guilherme Almeida (Insper), &amp; Kevin Tobia (Georgetown University Law Center) have posted Statutory Interpretation’s Empirical Turn: Empirical Contributions to Cases, Doctrine, and Theory (The Cambridge Handbook of Comparative Statutory Interpretation in the Common Law World) on SSRN. Here is the abstract:

Bystranowski et al on the Empirical Turn in Statutory Interpretation

Piotr Bystranowski (Interdisciplinary Centre for Ethics; Jagiellonian University; Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltenökonomik), Ivar Hannikainen (Department of Philosophy I, University of Granada), Guilherme Almeida (Insper),…

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3 months ago
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If you want a read about the recent anti-constituonal attempt to denaturalize American children from their claim to birthright citizenship using bad history, @evanbernick.bsky.social, @gowder.io, I wrote about it in the Cornell Law Review Online. publications.lawschool.cornell.edu/lawreview/wp...

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