Jordan Moon

Jordan Moon

@jordanmoon.bsky.social

Social psychologist @ University of Southampton. Formerly at Brunel University of London and Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse. PhD from Arizona State University. Religion, morality, etc. W: https://www.jordanwmoon.com

767 Followers 246 Following 23 Posts Joined Oct 2023
3 months ago
PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), a peer reviewed journal of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) - an authoritative source of high-impact, original research that broadly spans...

A very important study. Many figured that chimp warfare was adaptive. Now we have proof. Lethal displacement of a neighbor doubled fertility and even had a greater impact on survivorship. However, as usual we need more details as other questions emerge.
www.pnas.org/doi/full/10....

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1 month ago
We may be seeing anecdotal evidence of some growing, lively churches, says Dr Conrad Hackett. But that doesn’t mean the data shows an increase in church attendance or people identifying as Christian. As a demographer, he explains why the survey methodology is as important as its findings It’s my job to assess religion data. And in my expert judgement, the survey evidence for a Christian resurgence among young adults in Britain is weak. 

As a demographer of religion at Pew Research Center, I analyse census and survey data from around the world to understand how religious landscapes are changing. Between 2010 and 2020, the United Kingdom saw a 13 percentage point drop in the Christian share of its population (from 62% to 49%). Other countries experiencing such large drops included Australia, Canada and the United States.

In such places, younger generations typically are less religious than their parents’ and grandparents’ generations. This pattern is often how religion declines around the world.

However, reports have appeared in the British media about surveys that find surprisingly high levels of religious commitment among young adults. For example, in 2021, the BBC reported on a Savanta poll that found monthly worship attendance among 18 to 34-year olds was three times the rate among people over 55. This poll was commissioned by the Eternal Wall of Answered Prayer.

Last year, Bible Society described a “The Quiet Revival” in which “Gen Z leads an exciting turnaround in church attendance.” This claim was based on a YouGov survey commissioned by Bible Society in 2024. It found that the share of churchgoing Christians in England and Wales was higher among 18-to-24-year-olds than among adults as a whole.

And, according to a Savanta poll commissioned by Tearfund, most British adults under 45 planned to attend church last Christmas, while a majority of older adults did not.

It is important to understand that none of these surveys recruited respondents at random from the general population. Instead, they canvassed members of opt-in panels who signed up to take the surveys. These respondents were recruited through methods such as online advertising, self-enrolment and email lists. It is important to understand that none of these surveys recruited respondents at random from the general population. Instead, they canvassed members of opt-in panels who signed up to take the surveys. These respondents were recruited through methods such as online advertising, self-enrolment and email lists.

My colleagues at Pew Research Center have previously demonstrated that opt-in surveys may be biased by “bogus respondents” who, instead of answering questions honestly, answer with the minimal effort required to complete surveys quickly and receive monetary rewards. Bogus respondents are often a large share of those who claim to be young adults in opt-in surveys. Therefore, the results for young adults may be especially dubious.

Opt-in polls have generated surprising headlines about young adults - and not just in the religious realm. For example, a recent story in Fortune magazine announced an opt-in survey found that 77% of Gen Z job seekers have brought a parent to an interview.

If opt-in polls may lead us astray, what kind of polls should we trust? The gold standard in social science research is surveys that use random samples of the population. In such surveys, you can participate only if the researchers randomly select you. You can’t volunteer (opt in). You have to be chosen randomly on the basis of your telephone number or home address.

Surveys based on random samples show that Christian identity and practice are not increasing among young adults in Britain.

For example, the Labour Force Survey (LFS) measures religious self-identification among more than 50,000 individuals in a typical quarter across more than 20,000 randomly sampled UK households. In summer 2025, the LFS showed that 44% of adults in Britain identified as Christian, down from 54% in early 2018. Moreover, Christian identification is declining across age groups. In the LFS, 28% of 18-to-34-year-olds identified as Christian in summer 2025, down from 37% in early 2018. Throughout this period, older British adults consistently identified as Christian at higher levels than young adults.

Of course, many self-identified Christians are not regular churchgoers. Since the LFS doesn’t measure worship attendance, we can turn to another long-standing survey that uses random population samples to see how the churchgoing Christian share of the adult population has changed.

The annual British Social Attitudes (BSA) survey measures religious identity and worship attendance in Britain, based on a random sample of more than 3,000 adults. BSA data shows no clear evidence of a Christian revival. Among all adult respondents, the share who identify as Christians and who go to church at least once a month was 12% in 2018 and 9% in 2024.

Similarly, the share of young adults who are Christian churchgoers has not risen above pre-pandemic levels, according to the BSA survey. Among 18-to-34-year-olds, 6% were in this category in 2024, compared to 8% in 2018.

MY NEW OP-ED: Why I doubt surveys suggesting a quiet revival among young adults in Britain www.premierchristianity.com/opinion/why-...

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2 months ago
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Lecturers in Health/Clinical (mental health)/Social Psychology x 3 at University of Southampton Looking for a new job opportunity in academia? Check out this job opening for a Lecturers in Health/Clinical (mental health)/Social Psychology x 3 on jobs.ac.uk!

University of Southampton is hiring for FIVE permanent positions, including in social psychology. Please share with anyone on the job market!

Three positions in social/clinical/health psychology:
www.jobs.ac.uk/job/DPW618/l...

Two cognitive/clinical neuro:
www.jobs.ac.uk/job/DPW615/l...

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2 months ago
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Three evolutionary radiations shaped the evolution of global religious diversity | Evolutionary Human Sciences | Cambridge Core Three evolutionary radiations shaped the evolution of global religious diversity - Volume 7

New paper: Three evolutionary radiations shaped the evolution of global religious diversity

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3 months ago

This video was made about our folk medicine project. It talks about our recent PNAS project, and also this study we did in Mauritius www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10....

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3 months ago
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Monkeys have rhythm Synchronizing movements to music is a hallmark of human culture, but its evolutionary and neurobiological origins remain unknown. This ability requires (i) extracting a steady rhythmic pulse, or beat,...

New in Science, Macaques tap to the beat.

Very cool study for its main result and its null one: consistent with nearly every other comparative study of music, monkeys don't differentiate beats by their relative strength—which even young children do innately. Monkeys have rhythm but not meter!

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3 months ago

I wrote a paper on my least favourite theory of religion: HADD
It’s good, you should read it! 😆

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3 months ago
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Rate your score on Factor Fexcectorn.

Well done, Scientific Reports. pubpeer.com/publications...

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4 months ago
Taking faculty diversity seriously means asking why it matters - Nature Reviews Psychology Increasing faculty diversity is a key priority in faculty hiring across many countries, but the rationales behind it are often left undiscussed. Explicitly clarifying diversity rationales — and ensuri...

A fascinating and deeply thoughtful analysis of the different motivations for faculty diversity by @azimshariff.bsky.social --essential reading for anyone interested in this issue (either pro- or anti-DEI)
www.nature.com/articles/s44...

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5 months ago
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High rates of polygyny do not lock large proportions of men out of the marriage market | PNAS There is a widespread belief, in both the scholarly literature and the popular press, that polygyny prevents large numbers of men from marrying by ...

🚨 The Economist has been telling you for years that polygamy causes civil war by locking men out of marriage. A new article with @rebeccasear.bsky.social and @anthrolog.bsky.social explains that the demography of marriage markets doesn't actually work that way. 🧵

www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/...

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5 months ago

Excited to be co-organizing this year's religion and spirituality preconference with @ncaluori.bsky.social, Cindel White, and @jordanmoon.bsky.social. See Nava's great thread below for our awesome group of invited speakers. We are accepting applications for talks, data blitzes, and posters!

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10 months ago
OSF

There is a lot of hype about AI and empathy, but what role do we really want AI to play in enhancing empathy? 🤖 Here, Ethan Landes and I argue that AI should only develop human empathy as a tool for moral growth, not replace it 👇

osf.io/preprints/ps...
@ethanlandes.bsky.social

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11 months ago

As others have pointed out, ppl who favor abortion are sometimes inconsistent—many say abortion should be legal for “bodily autonomy” but are okay with laws about seatbelts or food regulations. In short, we all probably choose nice-sounding moral principles when they’re available

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11 months ago

Although abortion opposition is an interesting case to examine this, we don’t think this phenomenon is limited to opponents of abortion

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11 months ago

These findings lend relatively more support to the strategic account--importantly, these results also hold when controlling for things like religiosity and conservatism, so they don't seem to be just group-based heuristics

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11 months ago
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Perhaps more importantly, if we look only at the strongest abortion opponents (who strongly agree that abortion is murder), these participants show pretty strong support for the punishment and abstinence-only policies, but significantly less support for comprehensive sex ed

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11 months ago
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The more people oppose abortion (that is, agree with statements like "abortion is murder"), the more they like policies like punishment and abstinence-only--but the *less* they like comprehensive sex ed

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11 months ago

Notably, comprehensive sex education really only differs from abstinence-only education in not explicitly being against casual sex

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11 months ago

In pre-registered studies, we tested between these accounts by experimentally assigning people to rate bills that propose to reduce abortions in different ways, e.g., punish women getting abortions, abstinence-only sex ed, or comprehensive sex ed

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11 months ago

This “Strategic Account” would suggest that abortion opponents don’t just support any policy that prevents abortions, but they will especially favor policies that do so while simultaneously discouraging casual sex

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11 months ago

But people might have other goals influencing judgments. People who disapprove of casual sex also tend to disapprove of abortion, and many people view abortion bans as being more about discouraging casual sex

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11 months ago

If abortion opposition is all about reducing harm toward the unborn (what we call the "face-value account"), then we might expect people who oppose abortion to support whatever policies might reduce abortions

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11 months ago
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New paper out in SPPS w/
@jaimiekrems.bsky.social
(open access)
doi.org/10.1177/1948...

People who oppose abortion typically suggest that their position is motivated by concern for the unborn. But is there more going on?

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1 year ago
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Are women morally wonderful? Excited by this paper, with
@jowylie.bsky.social, @anagantman.bsky.social, @lianeleeyoung.bsky.social, Peter Mende-Siedlecki, and Heleni Singer.

osf.io/preprints/ps...

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1 year ago
Psychology, Culture and Evolution MSc | Brunel University of London A research-intensive psychology master's course, allowing you to understand how culture and evolution can influence human behaviour.

1/ 🌟📢 Applications for our MSc in Psychology, Culture & Evolution at @brunelpsy.bsky.social @brunelgradschool.bsky.social are OPEN for 2025/26 🎓 📢

Ever wondered how culture 🌍 and evolution 🧬 shape human behaviour? 🤔 This interdisciplinary program might be for you 🧵

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1 year ago
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Where do moralizing religions come from? Useless cognitive by-products?Cultural group selection for complex societies?

Our Psych Review paper argues: neither. Let’s rethink their cognitive & evolutionary origins🧵
w/ @manvir.bsky.social @nbaumard @jbaptistandre.bsky.social

doi.org/10.1037/rev0...

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1 year ago
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Infants’ Social Evaluation of Helpers and Hinderers: A Large‐Scale, Multi‐Lab, Coordinated Replication Study Evaluating whether someone's behavior is praiseworthy or blameworthy is a fundamental human trait. A seminal study by Hamlin and colleagues in 2007 suggested that the ability to form social evaluatio...

The Manybabies4 paper is out! Infants' Social Evaluation of Helpers and Hinderers: A Large-Scale, Multi-Lab, Coordinated Replication Study onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1... 1000 babies tested in 37 labs; "Overall, 49.34% of infants preferred Helpers over Hinderers in the social condition"

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1 year ago
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1/ 🌟 @PNASNews Special Feature: Half a Century of Cultural Evolution 🎉

With @amesoudi.bsky.social, @glupyan.bsky.social & Pierce Edmiston, we review the field's key experimental methods, findings, and critiques—and present a new lab experiment. 👇

www.pnas.org/doi/epdf/10....

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1 year ago
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📢📢📢💫 CCE's seminar series is kicking off in November with some amazing speakers lined up 💫📢📢📢

These are 🔓 open to all - in person and online - joining information shared closer to the date 📅

⏲️ Talks are scheduled between 12:30 - 14:00
@Bruneluni

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1 year ago
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Open Events: UCL Evolutionary Anthropology Term 1 Seminars 2024 Join us for our UCL Evolutionary Anthropology in-person seminars this term! These seminars are free to attend & open to all, and takes place in the Daryll Forde Seminar Room on Floor 2 of the UCL Anth...

Our Evolutionary Anthropology seminars are starting up again in October at UCL Anthropology. Free/open to all, and we're a friendly bunch!

evoanthucl.wixsite.com/blog/post/op...

#EvoAnth #BioAnth

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