Jonathan Chaloff

This Review covers policy gaps revealed by recent boom in labour migration to Romania.
Placement agencies employ many migrants and find them work via platforms.
"Unusual", not aligned with LMT principle.
OECD recommends that platform work should not be grounds for issuance of work permits.

For the figures (except figure 4) do switchers include those who abandoned their studies before graduating to switch to a care worker?

That stock photo again... :-)

Jasper, "migration background" includes German-born children of immigrants, no? can you separate out German-born from foreign-born and how does that change the story?

Stock photo by Sven Hoppe/dpa/picture alliance showing a the hands of a black man using a spotless Knipex "Made in Germany" wrench to twist a brass pipe faucet fitting. Blue collar work clothes visible, blurred factory background. (Not clear that the wrench is being used to perform any useful task, however). Used as thumbnail for link to video on "Germany's lack of skilled workers hurting its economy"

Blackness does a lot of heavy lifting symbolically for migration in Europe.
This stock photo (I leave it to you to guess the keywords) pops up every few months in German media articles on migration topics like "Germany's lack of skilled workers hurting its economy".

www.dw.com/en/germanys-...

Chart showing Stock of foreigners employed in Japan, 2015-2024. Chart shows steady increase from 908K to 2.3M over the period. The categories which increased the most are Technical Interns and Other Professionals. Source: Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), Japan. Figures for October of each year. For more information see OECD (2024), Recruiting Immigrant Workers: Japan, doi.org/10.1787/0e5a10e3-en

Latest figures on number of foreigners employed in Japan show 12% annual increase to 2.3M.
Much of the increase is in Technical Interns (to transition to new programme) and in the new SSW route (+50% to 200K)
Still only 3.5% of total employment but trend is clear.

Photo of keynote (Leah Platt Boustan) from the 14th annual CEPII-OECD Conference on Immigration in OECD countries.

Photo of opening panel (Antoine Bouët, Jean-Christophe Dumont, Christina Gathmann and Hillel Rapoport)

14th annual conference CEPII-OECD Conference "#Immigration in OECD Countries" kicks off with a keynote from Leah Boustan "Where are the Streets of Gold? Immigrants Success in the US and Europe"

Economist(s) / Policy Analyst(s) Company Description: The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organisation of 38 member countries that works to build better policies for better lives. Our...

🚨 We are hiring!

The #OECD is looking to hire one or several Economists / Policy Analysts to work on labour market and social policy, including on #inequalities.

The vacancy is open until 3 January 2025.

Please spread the word, retweet and apply! #EconSky

smrtr.io/pfCMb

Iraq tries to stem influx of illegal foreign workers Rami, a Syrian worker in Iraq, spends his 16-hour shifts at a restaurant fearing arrest as authorities crack down on undocumented migrants in the country better known for its own exodus.

Iraq opened a one-month regularisation window for workers from Syria, Bangladesh, Pakistan.

Iraq's Minister of Labour said last week there are 800K-1M foreign workers in irregular status.

Also many legal FWs, including in domestic sector.

AFP piece: www.france24.com/en/live-news...

YouTube video by CeSPI Centro Studi di Politica Internazionale La migrazione: cambiamenti in corso. Presentazione del Rapporto OCSE 2024

Se avete perso la presentazione dell'International Migration Outlook 2024 in italiano, il video dell'incontro è disponibile su YouTube.

www.youtube.com/watch?v=hIxP...

International Migration Outlook 2024 The 2024 edition of International Migration Outlook analyses recent developments in migration movements and the labour market inclusion of immigrants in OECD countries. It also monitors recent policy ...

This is core work for the OECD www.oecd.org/migration 😜

The 2024 International Migration Outlook is available for free download now!
I'll be skeeting some of the more interesting parts in this 380 page tome but here are some headline figures.
www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issue...

🇮🇹 "La migrazione: cambiamenti in corso". L'Ocse International Migration Outlook 2024.
Oggi alle 15.30 a Roma e zoom.
la registrazione in presenza (quasi al completo)
www.eventbrite.it/e/la-migrazi...

su zoom:
us02web.zoom.us/webinar/regi...

Migration Migration to OECD countries is at record levels, with migrants arriving for diverse reasons – to reunite with their families, to address labour shortages, or to flee conflict. Effective policies are n...

Hi, I'm Jonathan Chaloff, I work on migration policy issues at the OECD. I skeet irregularly but follow accounts mostly on current migration policy, statistics, monitoring and evaluation. I plug publications from OECD and other policy nerd stuff and try to answer wonk queries.
www.oecd.org/migration

Cover page of the 2024 OECD International Migration Outlook

Migration Nerds! It's the time of year you get ready to read what's in the annual OECD International Migration Outlook.
14 November 11AM CET
Stats, trends in flows, policy trends, analysis...

Livestream: brnw.ch/21wOvBb

Plus it'll be free to download from www.oecd-ilibrary.org/social-issue... !

Locandina LA MIGRAZIONE: CAMBIAMENTI IN CORSO Presentazione del rapporto OCSE - Prospettive sulle Migrazioni 2024 - Giovedì 14 novembre 2024 - Ore 15.30 - Europa Experience David Sassoli, Piazza Venezia 6 - Roma

Presentiamo:
⚫️le ultime tendenze migratorie nei paesi Ocse
⚫i cambiamenti nelle politiche migratorie
⚫️l'evoluzione degli esiti dei migranti
La presentazione in Italia del rapporto Ocse coincide col lancio mondiale dell'International Migration Outlook 2024.
14 novembre, Roma🔽

Policy Analyst Company Description: The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an international organisation comprised of 38 member countries, that works to build better policies for better...

For anyone with in-depth knowledge of migration/integration policies, the International Migration Division at OECD has vacancies!
Background in economics, public policy, socsci, law, etc.
Quantitative skills help but looking for range of profiles
Apply
jobs.smartrecruiters.com/OECD/7440000...

The world's largest (and only) migration statistics conference - more than 500 participants, dozens of sessions - will be in Malmö, Sweden, 16-18 June 2025
Co-organised by OECD, IOM and UNDESA.
Paper/Session proposals can be submitted by 1 December.⬇️
oe.cd/ifms-2025

Regulating Labor Immigration: The Effects of Lifting Labor Market Testing - Työn ja talouden tutkimus LABORE Tarkastelemme ulkomaalaisen työvoiman saatavuusharkinnan poistamisen vaikutuksia Suomessa hyödyntäen alueellista vaihtelua saatavuusharkinnasta vapautetuissa ammateissa. Käytämme yksilö- ja yritystaso...

Most countries have labour market tests before authorising work permits for foreigners.
But do these work??? What happens if we cancel them?
(I spend a LOT of time on this question)
Finally, a study of effects of lifting the LMT on flows & earnings!
labore.fi/julkaisu/reg...

A reminder to be very careful with your logframes, you don't want to end up being Box 10 of the European Court of Auditors report on the EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa (EUTF)
www.eca.europa.eu/en/news/NEWS...

Chart showing number of beneficiaries of "non-habitual resident tax relief" in Portugal, 2009-2020. Number is close to zero from 2009-2012 but rises sharply to hit almost 12,000 in 2019 before declining to 9,000 in 2020.

One observation is that offering tax relief to a broad range of migrants is rare.
Portugal's tax relief for non-habitual residents (NHR) was worth almost €1bn in 2020. Most eligibility ended this year. But the *targeted* relief remains.
www.reuters.com/world/europe...
6/

Germany mulls new tax rebates for skilled foreign workers The German government wants to grant skilled foreign workers tax relief if they take up employment in Germany. But some critics have described the idea as "socially explosive."

Difficulty in figuring out cost/benefit may be why so many "tax relief for migrants" programmes in OECD countries change so often - rolled back, adjusted, contingented, sunset...
And the idea keeps coming back
5/
www.dw.com/en/germany-m...

Public evaluation of tax reliefs for migrants is scarce/absent.
Targeted programmes can attract more workers
(Kleven, Stantcheva, Landais, Muñoz; Timm, Giuliodori, @mullerpaul.bsky.social)
or increase productivity (Malchow-Møller,Munch, Skaksen)
But how to target?
4/

Image of chart showing Grants of tax relief by category, 2012- 2023, Sweden, climbing from about 600 annually in 2012 to 1300 in 2023.

OECD countries offer different types of tax relief for migrants.
Flat tax - 6 countries
Exemptions - 10 countries (example Sweden below)
Deductions - 5 countries
These aren't massive programmes numerically, but they aren't insignificant and can look costly.
3/

Chart showing increasing number of beneficiaries of the Italian "Impatriate" tax regime, 2011-2021, from about 2,000 to more than 22,000

The Italian "impatriate" regimes: average unadjusted relief for beneficiaries is now about €30K/year.
(Bassetto & Ippedico 2024 say: eligible more likely to return) So did the regime *bring* 240 million in tax in 2021?
Or would those people have come anyway, so relief *cost* 700 million?
2/

Screenshot of the first page of OECD Migration Policy Debate No. 35 "Why do OECD countries offer tax relief programmes to attract foreign migrants and returning nationals?”

"You couldn't pay me to move there".
Yet many OECD countries do just that: offer tax relief for migrants and returning nationals.
Does it work? Is it worth the cost?
This brief explores the question
doi.org/10.1787/5a23...
1/

Hello!

Invite to the launch event of OECD report on "Return, Reintegration and Re-migration: Understanding Return Dynamics and the Role of Family and Community". 31.1.24, 14h-15h15 CET, Zoom. During the event, the OECD Secretariat will present the main findings of the report. There will be discussion where participants can share perspectives on the implications of the report and potential avenues for action. Please confirm your attendance by sending an e-mail to return&reintegration@oecd.org. The zoom link and detailed agenda for the launch event will be sent to you.

What we can learn from experiences of return migration - spontaneous, assisted, forced, etc. - to inform policy development in migration and development?
What role of family, community?
31.1.24 14h CET
To get link to hear findings from 4 workshops & new research, see alt-text

Cover Page: Migrants, especially women, are particularly at risk of violence and abuse. Among the social and economic factors making women vulnerable to gender-based violence, including within the private or family sphere, is their migration status. Partly spurred by international human rights instruments, OECD countries are taking action to protect victims/survivors and empower migrant spouses and families who have experienced domestic violence. Beside prosecuting or convicting perpetrators, many OECD countries have reformed or adapted immigration legislation to both encourage victims to report domestic violence and to support law enforcement authorities in their efforts to prosecute gender-based crimes. This Migration Policy Debates gives an overview of the range of protection available for migrants who have experienced domestic violence in OECD countries. The brief also addresses the shortcomings surrounding migration procedures and provides some policy recommendations

How do OECD countries respond to domestic violence against migrants?
Many offer special visas or conditions, but protection of survivors varies in terms of eligibility, duration and other aspects.
This brief compares and analyses these protections.
www.oecd.org/migration/mi...

"외국인 가사근로자 오면 출산율 오른다고? 일부 상류층만 이용할 것" 초저출생 문제 해결을 위해 도입되는 ‘외국인 가사근로자’ 제도가 실제로는 출산율을 높이는 데 도움이 되지 않을 것이라는 분석이 나왔습니다. 2023...

There will almost certainly be more migrants in Korea in 10 years, although it’s hard to say how many.
“Planning” is about more than numbers.
What are the issues which will have to be addressed?
Some of these questions covered in this interview.
9/9
t.co/RTZnC8ObQT