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Paul Lawton

@pauldlawton.bsky.social

#Epidemiology #Episky #Healthequity #Kidney #Nephsky #Auspol #FirstNations #Cycling (but not necessarily in that order). Melbourne, Australia. Own opinions, not advice, yada yada yada

548 Followers  |  742 Following  |  56 Posts  |  Joined: 07.02.2024  |  2.3746

Latest posts by pauldlawton.bsky.social on Bluesky

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Two Postdoctoral Researchers on Health Inequalities Two Postdoctoral Researchers on Health Inequalities

Looks like a great opportunity for pop health researchers... #demography #episky
jobs.helsinki.fi/job/Helsinki...

11.10.2025 19:18 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 15    ๐Ÿ” 14    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

N.B. from a proper journal, not one of those ridiculous Great Barrington type 'journals'

11.10.2025 17:19 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 24    ๐Ÿ” 13    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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EKFC or CKD-EPIASR-NB2009 formula. Which equation to use?
More info: academic.oup.com/ndt/article/...
@ndt-era.bsky.social, @hjanders.bsky.social

10.10.2025 12:08 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 1    ๐Ÿ” 1    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

How does one promote self-reflection among those resistant to the concept, who are racist (polite or not) despite available evidence?

10.10.2025 11:54 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Is this why they could not see or hear the obvious racism and lies in the Brexit campaign, & voted for it anyway?

10.10.2025 11:51 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Immigrant Nobel Prize winners exiting the United States

10.10.2025 11:24 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 3033    ๐Ÿ” 866    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 48    ๐Ÿ“Œ 26

So read these & tell me why the Nobel Committee ignored @birmo.bsky.social for yet another year

10.10.2025 11:45 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 7    ๐Ÿ” 1    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

peer review is
a process of
removing every sentence
every sentence
every
sentence
you
liked

08.10.2025 11:33 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 22    ๐Ÿ” 5    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Loss of peak health group raises many concerns and questions Jason Staines writes: The impending closure of the Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association (AHHA), the national peak body for public

Loss of peak health group raises many concerns and questions โ€“ Croakey Health Media www.croakey.org/loss-of-peak...
By Jason Staines

10.10.2025 09:26 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 2    ๐Ÿ” 2    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Loss of peak health group raises many concerns and questions

Loss of peak health group raises many concerns and questions www.croakey.org/loss-of-peak... #publichealth

10.10.2025 09:51 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 1    ๐Ÿ” 4    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Never seen the Hattah-Kulkyne with water: fantastic!

07.10.2025 11:23 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 0    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Build awareness I think. Shifting policy is hard

07.10.2025 11:11 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 1    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Health Systems, Health Services and Inequality in Population Health This open access book shows the scientific and policy-added value of combining health systems, health services and population health research.

New book: ๐—›๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—น๐˜๐—ต ๐—ฆ๐˜†๐˜€๐˜๐—ฒ๐—บ๐˜€, ๐—›๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—น๐˜๐—ต ๐—ฆ๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐˜ƒ๐—ถ๐—ฐ๐—ฒ๐˜€ ๐—ฎ๐—ป๐—ฑ ๐—œ๐—ป๐—ฒ๐—พ๐˜‚๐—ฎ๐—น๐—ถ๐˜๐˜† ๐—ถ๐—ป ๐—ฃ๐—ผ๐—ฝ๐˜‚๐—น๐—ฎ๐˜๐—ถ๐—ผ๐—ป ๐—›๐—ฒ๐—ฎ๐—น๐˜๐—ต (free to download from link.springer.com/book/10.1007...) 1/7

02.10.2025 11:46 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 3    ๐Ÿ” 1    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Elucidating some common biases in randomized controlled trials
using directed acyclic graphs

Although the ideal randomized clinical trial is the gold standard for causal inference, real randomized trials often suffer
from imperfections that may hamper causal effect estimation. Stating the estimand of interest can help reduce confusion
about what is being estimated, but it is often difficult to determine what is and is not identifiable given a trialโ€™s specific
imperfections. We demonstrate how directed acyclic graphs can be used to elucidate the consequences of common imperfections,
such as noncompliance, unblinding, and drop-out, for the identification of the intention-to-treat effect, the total
treatment effect and the physiological treatment effect. We assert that the physiological treatment effect is not identifiable
outside a trial with perfect compliance and no dropout, where blinding is perfectly maintained

Elucidating some common biases in randomized controlled trials using directed acyclic graphs Although the ideal randomized clinical trial is the gold standard for causal inference, real randomized trials often suffer from imperfections that may hamper causal effect estimation. Stating the estimand of interest can help reduce confusion about what is being estimated, but it is often difficult to determine what is and is not identifiable given a trialโ€™s specific imperfections. We demonstrate how directed acyclic graphs can be used to elucidate the consequences of common imperfections, such as noncompliance, unblinding, and drop-out, for the identification of the intention-to-treat effect, the total treatment effect and the physiological treatment effect. We assert that the physiological treatment effect is not identifiable outside a trial with perfect compliance and no dropout, where blinding is perfectly maintained

Table 1 showing the Identifiability of target estimands depending on whether there is blinding, full compliance, and no drop-out

Table 1 showing the Identifiability of target estimands depending on whether there is blinding, full compliance, and no drop-out

An example DAG from the paper.
Fig. 4: A blinded trial with noncompliance.

U are unobserved confounders, Z is treatment assignment, C is compliance, X is the realized treatment, S is the subject's physical and mental health status, Xself and Xcln are the treatment that the participant and the clinician believed the participant received, Y is the outcome.

An example DAG from the paper. Fig. 4: A blinded trial with noncompliance. U are unobserved confounders, Z is treatment assignment, C is compliance, X is the realized treatment, S is the subject's physical and mental health status, Xself and Xcln are the treatment that the participant and the clinician believed the participant received, Y is the outcome.

Just finished reading this *excellent* article by Gabriel et al. which discusses which effects can be identified in randomized controlled trials. With DAGs!>

link.springer.com/article/10.1...

02.10.2025 08:09 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 116    ๐Ÿ” 24    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 4    ๐Ÿ“Œ 1
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Today marks the first day in public mediaโ€™s history without federal funding. And weโ€™re not going anywhere.

Listeners like you keep our mission alive. Protect one of the last places where America comes together to hear itself.

Stand with us today. Donate at this link: n.pr/46wamAj

01.10.2025 14:19 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 31005    ๐Ÿ” 9788    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 688    ๐Ÿ“Œ 522

Of course!

26.09.2025 12:47 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 2    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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National summit tackles wide-ranging barriers to health equity Introduction by Croakey: An upcoming national summit on equity is being promoted as an event "for those who believe in

National summit tackles wide-ranging barriers to health equity โ€“ Croakey Health Media www.croakey.org/national-sum...
By @mariemcinerney.bsky.social for Croakey Conference News Service

05.09.2025 10:27 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 5    ๐Ÿ” 4    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Social cohesion Australia is fraying. Not because of immigration. Social cohesion is eroding because of increasing inequality. Fear results. Hope must be restored for social cohesion to build. But hope is dead if uncertainty reigns. Uncertainty ends when the future feels assured.

01.09.2025 10:20 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 78    ๐Ÿ” 27    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 4    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
NEW ๐Ÿ“€ For What It's Worth - Buffalo Springfield -4K- {Stereo} 1966
YouTube video by Smurfstools Oldies Music Time Machine NEW ๐Ÿ“€ For What It's Worth - Buffalo Springfield -4K- {Stereo} 1966

WAKE THE FK UP

There's something happening here
But what it is ain't exactly clear
There's a man with a gun over there
Telling me I got to beware
I think it's time we stop
Children, what's that sound?
Everybody look, what's going down?
There's battle lines being drawn
youtu.be/YVhn1edWaDA?...

22.08.2025 19:34 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 412    ๐Ÿ” 144    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 36    ๐Ÿ“Œ 17
Stop Killing Journalists
YouTube video by withMEAA Stop Killing Journalists

This is incredibly hard to watch, as it goes on and on.
Please do, watch it all. Hear their names.
Stop Killing Journalists

www.youtube.com/watch?v=qMq8...

14.08.2025 05:56 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 32    ๐Ÿ” 14    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

This should be more than ample grounds for Segal to step down from the Envoy position

12.07.2025 06:35 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 278    ๐Ÿ” 98    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 19    ๐Ÿ“Œ 6

The yardstick in my mind is from school GCSE history when I was shocked to learn of the 1919 Amritsar [now Jallianwala Bagh] massacre - approx 379+ fatalities and 1500+ injured. That still resonates over 100 years on, so this is not going to disappear anytime soon. ๐Ÿ˜”

11.07.2025 22:04 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 6    ๐Ÿ” 2    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Nearly 800 killed at Gaza food hubs and aid convoy routes since end of May, UN says UN human rights office says 615 of the deaths were in vicinity of sites run by the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation

Bloody Sunday used to be the most shocking event I knew. The British army fired on civilians and killed 14 people. David Cameron gave an official apology for the atrocity 38 years afterwards.

57 times as many people have been killed whilst trying to obtain food aid in Gaza. This is not normal.

11.07.2025 19:07 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 92    ๐Ÿ” 49    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 4    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Siegel & Schuster created Superman as a literal response to Naziism and fascism. Not implicitly or subtextually. Literally. That the same kinds of people are whining about Superman upholding the same values as he did back then tells you all you need to know about them.

12.07.2025 05:14 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 87    ๐Ÿ” 28    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 2    ๐Ÿ“Œ 1

Iโ€™ll never forget being in the ICU when a cardiothoracic surgeon said to me: โ€œWhatever you do, donโ€™t put my patients on inotropes. Patients do worse on inotropes.โ€ ๐Ÿค”

03.07.2025 06:33 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 3    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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Measles leaves children vulnerable to other diseases for years Measles causes more than an acute illness: it suppresses immune memory and increases the risk of complications for years.

New piece by me!

I wrote about how freaky measles is, which many people don't know about.

It depletes immune cells, and makes people vulnerable to many other infectious diseases. This raises the risk of complications for years after an infection.

16.06.2025 09:33 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 239    ๐Ÿ” 139    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 5    ๐Ÿ“Œ 3
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Health services face legal risk over poor quality care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients

Health services face legal risk over poor quality care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander patients www.croakey.org/health-servi...

21.06.2025 07:13 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 2    ๐Ÿ” 1    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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an easy disguise: all youโ€™d need are some black masks

21.06.2025 01:32 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 35452    ๐Ÿ” 7450    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1263    ๐Ÿ“Œ 732

@pauldlawton is following 20 prominent accounts