Hellen C. Greenblatt

Adipocytes orchestrate obesity-related chronic inflammation through β2-microglobulin - Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy - Adipocytes orchestrate obesity-related chronic inflammation through β2-microglobulin

#Adipocytes → #obesity-associated chronic #inflammation and metabolic disorders via two @#β2-microglobulin-dependent mechanisms. bit.ly/4poJMA9 [open access]

Adipose immune microenvironment: catalyst of age-related adipose tissue dysfunction - Immunity & Ageing Aging has profound effects on whole-body homeostasis. With age, adipose tissue undergoes marked alterations in immune microenvironment and distribution as well as a loss of immune and metabolic capaci...

#Age-related #inflammation disrupts #adipose tissue #homeostasis, interferes with its metabolic functions, → age-related diseases. bit.ly/4obug9a [open access

Resveratrol–Copper Combination Suppresses Glioblastoma Growth and Restores Immune Function A small but powerful clinical trial reveals that resveratrol and copper can reduce tumor growth, restore immune function, and clear harmful DNA fragments in glioblastoma—without adverse effects.

Oral administration of #resveratrol and #copper may have a profound effect on the aggressive phenotype of #glioblastoma. [5.6 mg of resveratrol and 560 ng of Cu 4x/day for an average of 11.6 days]. How about other neoplasms? bit.ly/49tSXtQ go.nature.com/4oPpuQ1 [open access]

Systematic profiling reveals betaine as an exercise mimetic for geroprotection Elucidating the multi-faceted health effects of exercise in humans identifies kidney-derived betaine as an exercise mimetic acting as a TBK1 inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and geroprotective activit...

#Exercise→#betaine→#inflammation, muscles, heart, genes, proteins shift over weeks, not minutes. ↑ betaine →ↆ inflammation, cellular #aging ↆ, ↑ energy expenditure, ↑ gut bacteria→ ↑ immune strength and antioxidant activity. bit.ly/446OZUp bit.ly/47LKoJL

Multi-omic profiling reveals age-related immune dynamics in healthy adults - Nature This multi-omic longitudinal analysis of the healthy human peripheral immune system constructs the Human Immune Health Atlas and assembles data on immune cell composition and state changes w...

Immune #ageing dynamic, non-linear process shaped by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Peripheral immune cell subsets change with age → immune responsiveness independently of overt systemic #inflammation or underlying chronic #CMV infection. go.nature.com/3JLQYXf [open access]

The influence of structured physical activity on vaccination response from adults to older individuals: a systematic review on the Immunoinflammatory crosstalk of COVID-19 - Immunity & Ageing Background Amidst the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, understanding factors that influence vaccine efficacy is crucial, particularly in older adults. Regular physical exercise and/or structured physical ac...

Moderate to high-intensity #exercise (50–70% of maximum heart rate for aerobic exercise and 60–80% of 1RM for resistance training), performed 3–5 times per week, ↑ immune responses to #COVID-19 vaccination, particularly by ↆ chronic low-grade #inflammation. bit.ly/4qGhAJT

Frontiers | Cytokines in sepsis: a critical review of the literature on systemic inflammation and multiple organ dysfunction Sepsis constitutes a profoundly heterogeneous and dynamic clinical syndrome, precipitated by a maladaptive host response to infection in which the immune sys...

#Cytokines in #sepsis, a review. Sepsis → maladaptive host response to infection. Interplay between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways pathologically skewed. Central role of cytokine storms in activating and regulating the systemic #inflammatory cascade. bit.ly/4qR2TUD

Immune-mediated interactions between sarcopenia and atherosclerosis in aging - Immunity & Ageing Sarcopenia and atherosclerosis are prevalent age-related conditions increasingly recognized as interconnected through shared immune-mediated pathways. This review elucidates how “inflammaging” driven ...

Circulating levels of IL-6 and TNF-α reflect systemic #inflammation and link muscle #wasting and #vascular degeneration. HsCRP, a validated cardiovascular risk marker downstream of IL-6, is correlated with #sarcopenia progression. bit.ly/47OelbY

SMOKING TRIGGERS DISTINCT INFLAMMATORY MECHANISMS IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS AND PRIMARY LUNG CANCER PATIENTS. The specific contribution of smoking to oxidative stress (OS) and systemic inflammation in lung cancer (LC) patients, as well as the potential synergi…

Smoking → oxidative damage and #inflammation→ lung #cancer development by generating reactive DNA species and fostering oncogenic processes. (Modest sample size.) bit.ly/3L8mYW5

Mitochondrial and lysosomal signaling orchestrates heterogeneous metabolic states of regulatory T cells Mitochondrial and lysosomal signaling orchestrates Treg cell metabolic states and functional fitness.

A tale of two organelles: #Mitochondria and #lysosomes
Activated cell states → ↑ mitochondria vs. resting cell states. These mitochondria have more dense cristae, suggesting they are an important part of regulatory T cell activation during #inflammation. bit.ly/4qLclsH bit.ly/3LdvLWx

Frontiers | Editorial: The role of inflammation in organ injury Inflammation represents one of the most fundamental and evolutionarily conserved biological responses for host defense against pathogens and tissue injury (1...

Analysis of IL-17A in multisystem #inflammatory syndrome → insights into pediatric #inflammatory responses following SARS-CoV-2 exposure. IL-17A may be not only as mechanistic player but also a valuable prognostic marker. Editorial bit.ly/4qn6rxn

Scientists discover how cells protect the skin from inflammatory disease—paving the way for new treatments Researchers at VIB and Ghent University have uncovered a key mechanism that protects the skin from harmful inflammation. The findings, published in Immunity, could open new avenues for treating chroni...

#ATG9A →helps cells clean up internal waste (#autophagy). Crucial for preventing excessive #inflammation. #TNF→abnormal IFN response→↑ZBP1→skin damage. bit.ly/47jbupQ bit.ly/48HNuPI

Increasing levels of the protein PI31 demonstrates neuroprotective effects in mice - News One fundamental feature of neurodegenerative diseases is a breakdown in communication. Even before brain cells die, the delicate machinery that keeps neurons in touch—by clearing away protein waste at...

Eliminate unwanted proteins at synapse = ↆ synaptic dysfunction? “…boosting levels of ...protein PI31 can prevent neuronal #degeneration, restore #synaptic function, and significantly extend lifespan ...of rare genetic disorders similar to #Parkinson’s. “ bit.ly/4hlmrvJ bit.ly/3L7pxaJ

In vivo, maternal Ig ↆ oral #rotavirus vaccine immunogenicity by ↑ vaccine clearance, thereby ↆ protection. Note: in mice, MatAb interference is mediated by milk-derived antibodies. In humans, transplacental versus breast milk antibodies likely depends on the vaccine platform. bit.ly/3L8thbU

The impacts of chronic infections on shaping cellular senescence - Immunity & Ageing Cellular senescence is a fundamental biological process characterized by stable cell cycle arrest, genomic instability, and the acquisition of a proinflammatory secretory phenotype. While senescence is traditionally associated with aging, growing evidence reveals that chronic infections such as viral, bacterial, and protozoan parasites can serve as powerful inducers of senescence, contributing to premature aging and long-term tissue damage. This review explores the diverse mechanisms by which persistent pathogens trigger or sustain senescence in host cells. We highlight how these chronic infections manipulate host DNA repair, mitochondrial dynamics, telomere maintenance, oxidative stress, and immune function to promote senescence and immunosenescence. Emerging findings also reveal how pathogens hijack the host cellular machinery to induce senescence across various tissue types. In many cases, senescence not only enables pathogen persistence but also drives pathological outcomes such as fibrosis, neurodegeneration, cardiomyopathy, and immune exhaustion. Collectively, this emerging evidence highlights a unifying strategy among diverse pathogens: the exploitation of cellular senescence to support chronic infection and promote disease. Understanding how infectious agents drive senescence offers new insights into age-related pathologies and highlights potential therapeutic targets, such as senolytic and senomorphic agents, to mitigate the long-term impacts of chronic infections.

Cellular #senescence→ genomic instability, #inflammatory phenotype and #pathogen persistence→ disease (e.g. fibrosis, neurodegeneration, cardiomyopathy, and immune exhaustion). Review: bit.ly/4q7b0vN

Targeting immunosenesence promotes clearance of senescent cells - Immunity & Ageing Known as immunosenescence, the major dysregulation of the immune system with age is associated with poor vaccination efficacy, and increased susceptibility to infections, age-related pathologies, and neoplasms, with incidences exacerbated with age. Cellular senescence is a crucial process that puts cells in an irreversible cell-cycle arrest which prevents damaged or stressed cells from uncontrolled propagation and eventually potential malignancy. Paradoxically, senescence also contributes to the occurrence of cancer and increases the risk of metastasis through different secretory mediators. Altogether, the recent use of senotherapy to eliminate senescent cells has been shown to delay tumorigenesis, attenuate age-related deterioration of organs, and promote healthy aging. Interestingly, immune cells have been shown to specifically interact with, and kill senescent cells, thus opening new opportunities for the development of specific therapeutic strategies similar to immunotherapy in cancer. Through its detrimental impact on the immune system, immunosenescence is also leading to the accumulation of senescent cells with age thus further contributing to the occurrence and worsening of multiple age-related pathologies such as cancer. Understanding the molecular and cellular events occurring during the aging process, and triggering immunosenescence as well as the mechanisms by which senescent cells escape immune surveillance would help to improve immune responses to senescent cells and their clearance. In this review, we highlight how senescent cells interact with immune cells, and how immunosenescence-associated phenotypical and functional deregulation hinder the ability of immune cells to clear senescent cells. We further characterize strategies aimed at promoting the clearance of senescent cells by the immune system.

Chronic #SASP production→ ↑ #inflammation. Accumulation of #senescent cells→ ↑ cancer and other age-associated pathologies. Targeting and clearance of senescent cells ↆ pathologies. bit.ly/46Sbu1r

Frontiers | Immunoglobulin: unraveling its complex web in aging Aging is a complex biological phenomenon, which involved in a large number of diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular diseases. Unders...

#Aging can regulate the production and function of #immunoglobulins, through immunosenescence, chronic #inflammation, #epigenetic modification, and microbe disturbances. bit.ly/46Dv6Gn

Effects of 12-Week Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation on Immune Function, Body Weight, and Metabolic Parameters in Middle-Aged Women: A Retrospective Study Objective: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week combined supplementation of vitamin D3, vitamin K2, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, and magnesium on immune function, body compo...

Supplementation with #vitamins D3, K2, B6, B12, and #magnesium →↑ immune function, ↆ #adiposity while preserving lean mass, and ameliorates #metabolic dysregulation in middle-aged ♀. bit.ly/46GyEHH [open access].

Sex-specific body fat distribution predicts cardiovascular ageing AbstractBackground and Aims. Cardiovascular ageing is a progressive loss of physiological reserve, modified by environmental and genetic risk factors, that

Fat on the hips and thighs→ protective against heart aging in women. Fat around belly (male)→particularly predictive of early aging in men. bit.ly/46aMjW0 [open access]

Microglial STING is a central safeguard against neurological decline with age Immune pathways and cell types that protect against neurodegenerative processes with aging remain poorly understood. Sulka et al. demonstrate that the innate immune adaptor, STING, provides essential ...

#STING limits #inflammation and damage to DNA. Deficiency→ increased neurological decline via blood-brain barrier breakdown. #Microglial STING signaling critical to prevent BBB breakdown and ensure neuromotor deficits in the aging brain. bit.ly/4p9lkDc bit.ly/462sobK [open access].

#Parkinson’s disease. 5/10 of PD brains evidence of human #pegivirus (HPgV) vs. 0/14 HPgV-. HPgV-brain+ patients with PD → ↑ neuropathology. Blood+ →↑ IGF-1 and ↆ pS65-ubiquitin, supporting disruption in #mitophagy in response to #HPgV. bit.ly/4mEAuOT [open access].

C-reactive protein and cardiovascular risk among women with no standard modifiable risk factors: evaluating the ‘SMuRF-less but inflamed’ AbstractBackground and Aims. Interventions in preventive cardiology traditionally focus on four standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRFs): h

High levels of #inflammatory biomarker, #hsCRP, assoc. w ↑ #cardiovascular risk in females that do not smoke or have #hypertension, dyslipidaemia, #diabetes. bit.ly/4mMBLDQ [open access].

Frontiers | A cross-sectional exploration of the dietary inflammation index association with cardiovascular disease in gout: application of machine learning algorithms Objective: Gout is a condition strongly associated with dietary patterns and elevated risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in affected individuals. Given the...

In #gout, Dietary #Inflammatory Index (DII) assoc. with increased cardiovascular disease (#CVD). Modify diet and ↆCVD? bit.ly/4mFGcAj

#Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) → mediate repair. #Obesity impairs MSC functionality → #inflammation. bit.ly/4mEqzZJ

Engineered bacteria launch and control an oncolytic virus - Nature Biomedical Engineering CAPPSID relies on an engineered S. typhimurium to act as a synthetic ‘capsid’ to transcribe and deliver viral RNA inside cancer cells, launching a virus that can directly lyse surrounding cells.

#S. typhimurium were designed to deliver and release self-replicating #oncolytic viral #RNA into #tumor host cells, eventually killing them. go.nature.com/4msnYlB [open access]

RSV infection disrupts gut microbiota and metabolic homeostasis in mice, regulating pulmonary inflammation via the SPHK/S1P pathway | Microbiology Spectrum Our research provides new insights into how respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection affects the host's gut microbiota, lipid metabolism, and the immune-inflammatory network. The findings demonstra...

#RSV → gut #microbiota, # lipid metabolism, #pulmonary #inflammation. ↆ #fat→, ameliorated lung inflammation and neutrophil accumulation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. bit.ly/45oCDrS [open access]

Interplay between physical activity, inflammation, and cognitive performance in women with type 2 diabetes: an observational study focused on IL-6 pathway mediators - Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with cognitive impairment, with dysregulation of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) signaling pathway—particularly its soluble receptors—implicated in ...

Moderate #physical activity in ♀ w Type 2 #diabetes → ↑cognitive function, memory, executive function. ↆ #inflammation, cholesterol, fasting blood sugar. bit.ly/4fviRya [open access]

Microglia are prominent producers of inflammatory cytokines during the hyperacute phase of ischemic stroke - Communications Biology In-depth characterization of the hyperacute phase (<3 h) following ischemic stroke reveals severe neuroinflammation before the arrival of brain-infiltrating peripheral immune cells, driven by micro...

#Microglia→early activation #ischemic stroke → #inflammation. Inflammatory #cytokines present in abundance in brain 3 h following stroke onset. Modulate their function → ↑ #stroke recovery. go.nature.com/46QIvLF [open access]

New hope for Alzheimer’s: lithium supplement reverses memory loss in mice Studies in rodents and humans suggest that low levels of the metal contribute to cognitive decline.

A decline in #lithium concentration in the brain is linked to memory loss and the neurological hallmarks of #Alzheimer’s.
bit.ly/46IIysZ go.nature.com/3HmIx3w [open access]

The brain fires up immune cells when sick people are nearby When people viewed virtual avatars with coughs or rashes, their brains triggered an immune response.

At the mere sight of a sick person, the brain activates front-line immune cells in mimicking the body’s response to an actual infection → cascade of #neuro–immune mediators→ activation of innate #lymphoid cells. go.nature.com/46u1v2t
bit.ly/3Ha2drc [open access]