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Leonhard Xu

@leonhard-xu.bsky.social

MPhil in IR @ox.ac.uk | When Geopolitics meets Economics & International Development | EU-China relationship

104 Followers  |  295 Following  |  9 Posts  |  Joined: 20.11.2024  |  2.3566

Latest posts by leonhard-xu.bsky.social on Bluesky

The EU describes China as a "partner, competitor, and systemic rival". After Vanceโ€™s speech at the MSC, Trumpโ€™s might makes right foreign policy, and US authoritarian tech bros continuous meddling in European elections, perhaps the same tripartheit framing increasingly applies to the US as well...

15.02.2025 01:44 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 4    ๐Ÿ” 1    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
Preview
The Path to American Authoritarianism What comes after democratic breakdown.

www.foreignaffairs.com/united-state... This is by far the best, clearest and most realistic analysis of what we're in for that I've seen.

12.02.2025 00:18 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 872    ๐Ÿ” 489    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 49    ๐Ÿ“Œ 87

- Under #Trump2.0, bilateral grants and contributions to multilateral organizations are expected to decrease significantly once more. In parallel, we can expect a continued rise in non-concessional bilateral lending that aligns more closely with U.S. strategic interests.

20.12.2024 20:55 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 3    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

- Due to the DFC, US non-concessional financial commitments surged from $2 billion in 2018 to $12 billion in 2024 - a sixfold increase in less than a decade.
-> The US is increasingly emulating #China by providing loans that are non-concessional in nature

20.12.2024 20:55 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 4    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

- The U.S. Development Finance Corporation (DFC) is transforming the US into a growing lender of first resort. Established under the BUILD Act of 2018, the DFC merged several development finance institutions (OPIC + DCA) into a single and more financially capable agency.

20.12.2024 20:55 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 3    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

- During his first term Trump reduced Official Development Assistance (ODA), but cuts were primarily concentrated in multilateral aid
- Reductions in US contributions to #UN agencies under Trump 1.0 were partly offset by European donors

20.12.2024 20:55 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 3    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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With just one month to go until #Trumpโ€™s return to office, todayโ€™s graphics take a closer look at ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ธ #development finance:

20.12.2024 20:55 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 7    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

- China's lending peaked in 2016 but remains substantial, it has not โ€œcollapsedโ€!
- In 2020, the EU reclaimed it position as the top development financier. Disbursements have almost doubled since 2014.

15.12.2024 19:05 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 4    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 0    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

Key takeaways:
- EU was leader in development finance until 2009, when China overtook it to become the largest bilateral lender to developing countries
- China's global lending didn't start with the #BRI in 2013, but has propelled it to new heights

15.12.2024 19:05 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 5    ๐Ÿ” 0    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0
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There are many misconceptions about the state of international #Development finance. Iโ€™m launching a small graphical to shed light on the myths and realities of the evolving development finance landscape. Todayโ€™s focus: The #EU and #China ๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ณ

15.12.2024 19:05 โ€” ๐Ÿ‘ 8    ๐Ÿ” 2    ๐Ÿ’ฌ 1    ๐Ÿ“Œ 0

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