Krishna Reddy

🚨My lab is hiring a postdoc!🚨
If you’re interested in working out the mechanism and physiological impact of bacterial lipid transport processes then please apply!

Job advert is here: tinyurl.com/4swddfda

Get in touch by email (c.mulligan@kent.ac.uk) for informal enquiries

Please repost!
Thanks!

Postdoctoral Scholar Research The Reddy Lab at the University of South Florida (USF) is seeking a Postdoctoral Researcher to join our multidisciplinary team studying the structure, mechanism, evolution, and engineering of membrane...

My lab is hiring a postdoc! We have many exciting projects on membrane transporters at the interface of protein structure-function, bioinformatics, directed evolution, and protein engineering. Applications considered on a rolling basis, so submit ASAP. Please share!

jobs.usf.edu/hcmUI/Candid...

ASSOCIATE/FULL PROFESSOR - Open Rank-Structural Biology - Tampa, Florida job with University of South Florida | 12849234 Seeking candidates for a tenured or tenure-track position who use structural biology-based approaches and cryo-EM

Our department is recruiting a mid-career faculty member in cryo-EM - come be my colleague and lab neighbor! It's an exciting time for structural biology at USF, anchored by an incoming JEOL CRYOARM 300. Feel free to DM if you have any questions. Please share!

www.nature.com/naturecareer...

Really inspiring work, congrats!

YouTube video by Jazz Lincoln D'Angelo & The Vanguard - Betray My Heart + Spanish Joint - Bonnaroo 2015

RIP www.youtube.com/watch?v=umNg...

I'll get right on that

So cool to have a spotlight on our work like this - honestly as good an alternative to reading the paper itself, which I probably shouldn't say...and also stay tuned for cool transporter evolution work from Sam 👀

14/14
If you’ve made it this far, I really appreciate it (and also go touch grass). My lab is pushing this work in new directions and incorporating more fun, interdisciplinary techniques to understand transporter structure-function mechanism in unique ways. If this sounds interesting, reach out!

13/14
Too many folks to thank: @olgabiophys.bsky.social for her guidance/patience, the brilliant trainees I was privileged to work with, the collegial/rigorous reviewers, the many people who generously advised, and frankly me for pushing this to the end when common sense often suggested otherwise.

A structural window into the evolution of secondary transport mechanisms Nature Structural & Molecular Biology - Protein sequence signatures suggest that eons ago, a bacterial glutamate transporter lost its sodium coupling to make way for a shift to proton coupling....

12/14
There are a lot of interesting implications and future directions we are pursuing in my lab, beautifully summarized by @sberry.bsky.social @rachellegaudet.bsky.social in a @natsmb.nature.com News & Views article, freely available below.

rdcu.be/eDRcX

11/14
This means ion coupling isn’t solely dictated by ion-binding residues, but from allosterically regulated packing - a structural “clutch” linking ion/substrate binding. We think this applies to ion-coupled transport and beyond - small, distant mutations can flip fundamental energy landscapes.

10/14
What changed? Our evolutionary analysis gave us an elegant answer. A central ‘coupling’ helix is responsible for cooperative ion/substrate binding, and two changes at the start and end of this helix can turn sodium coupling on/off. These residues control how rigidly the helices pack together.

9/14
Cryo-EM with precise sample conditions and processing gave us the clue: the intermediate ancestor could spontaneously access the high-affinity substrate-binding state required for transport, which sodium-coupled transporters can only reach with sodium.

8/14
To our surprise, an ‘intermediate’ ancestor during the transition from sodium to proton coupling still had sodium binding sites, could bind sodium, but no longer needed sodium energy for substrate binding and transport - an ion-independent, ‘uncoupled’ transporter. How?

7/14
Our ancestral membrane proteins had terrible yields, making purification/characterization a pain. We reinvented all the lab pipelines to make this project work. I like to call this the protein purification of Theseus. If you replace every step of a protocol, is it the same protocol? 🤔

6/14
Since loops and tails are poorly reconstructed, we had to stitch in some loops/tails from existing proteins for expression constructs, which @olgabiophys.bsky.social affectionately called “Frankensteins”…which of course makes me Dr. Frankenstein.

5/14
We borrowed a page from their playbook, using ancestral protein reconstruction. Essentially, we use phylogenetics to approximate how evolution might have occurred, and generate inferred ‘ancestral’ transporter sequences spanning this functional transition. Great review: doi.org/10.1146/annu...

4/14
For years, we did sequence alignments and mutated residues that looked interesting, to no avail. These processes might be too complex/allosteric - inspired by beautiful work from @joethorntonlab.bsky.social, we thought understanding the evolutionary process could be an avenue to untangle this.

3/14
Brain glutamate transporters use sodium to recycle neurotransmitters. Close relatives in bacteria also use sodium…but others use protons. We wanted to understand how transporters made this switch. What changes in sequence made this possible? And what molecular features enforce ion coupling?

2/14
Secondary active transporters perform ‘concentrative’ transport, moving substrates against their concentration gradients by harnessing energy from ion gradients. Organisms have evolved their transporters based on their environment – i.e., halophiles often have sodium-driven transporters.

Evolutionary analysis reveals the origin of sodium coupling in glutamate transporters - Nature Structural & Molecular Biology Reddy et al. used ancestral protein reconstruction, cryo-electron microscopy and functional assays to elucidate how a secondary active transporter evolved to harness the energy of sodium gradients to ...

1/14
Happy (but mostly relieved) to share my dream project with @boudkerlab.bsky.social, now published in @natsmb.nature.com! We used evolution, protein engineering & cryoEM to uncover how ion coupling in glutamate transporters works, and how it evolved.🧵
Free article: go.nature.com/4oRUC1q

Last chance to apply for the cryo-EM faculty position in my department at USF (Tampa, FL)! Open to all career stages, and we have a 300kV on its way. Submit by December 15 for priority consideration, and reach out with any questions. Please repost! #ttjobs

bit.ly/USFFac-Struc... (ID 37774)