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Tahir Enes Gedik

@tegedik.bsky.social

Sociologist interested in quantitative analysis and statistical methods in the social sciences. https://tegedik.github.io

356 Followers  |  813 Following  |  78 Posts  |  Joined: 31.08.2023  |  2.0785

Latest posts by tegedik.bsky.social on Bluesky

Simulation Models of Cultural Evolution in R <p>This tutorial shows how to create very simple simulation or agent-based models of cultural evolution in R</p>

bookdown.org/amesoudi/ABM...

07.10.2025 12:35 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
A meme with two panels. In panel 1 the woman looks disgusted. In panel 2 intrigued.

Text, panel 1: fake data.

Text, panel 2: silicon sample

A meme with two panels. In panel 1 the woman looks disgusted. In panel 2 intrigued. Text, panel 1: fake data. Text, panel 2: silicon sample

01.10.2025 12:06 β€” πŸ‘ 22    πŸ” 8    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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What's the most appropriate formulation for this logistic multilevel model? I'm running a multilevel logistic regression in which I estimate the probability the authors of scientific papers will make a particular sort of error in reporting a null hypothesis significance te...

stats.stackexchange.com/questions/66...

22.09.2025 14:31 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 1

Preprint and the website by @dingdingpeng.the100.ci and @vincentab.bsky.social are great, and I got inspired to illustrate Bayesian workflow for model checking and comparison *before* model interpretation following their friendship importance example users.aalto.fi/~ave/casestu...

27.08.2025 10:10 β€” πŸ‘ 90    πŸ” 20    πŸ’¬ 2    πŸ“Œ 0
The Book of Statistical Proofs The Book of Statistical Proofs – a centralized, open and collaboratively edited archive of statistical theorems for the computational sciences

The Book of Statistical Proofs @statproofbook.bsky.social
#stats
statproofbook.github.io

01.09.2025 18:09 β€” πŸ‘ 15    πŸ” 7    πŸ’¬ 2    πŸ“Œ 1
Models as Prediction Machines: How to Convert Confusing Coefficients into Clear Quantities

Abstract
Psychological researchers usually make sense of regression models by interpreting coefficient estimates directly. This works well enough for simple linear models, but is more challenging for more complex models with, for example, categorical variables, interactions, non-linearities, and hierarchical structures. Here, we introduce an alternative approach to making sense of statistical models. The central idea is to abstract away from the mechanics of estimation, and to treat models as β€œcounterfactual prediction machines,” which are subsequently queried to estimate quantities and conduct tests that matter substantively. This workflow is model-agnostic; it can be applied in a consistent fashion to draw causal or descriptive inference from a wide range of models. We illustrate how to implement this workflow with the marginaleffects package, which supports over 100 different classes of models in R and Python, and present two worked examples. These examples show how the workflow can be applied across designs (e.g., observational study, randomized experiment) to answer different research questions (e.g., associations, causal effects, effect heterogeneity) while facing various challenges (e.g., controlling for confounders in a flexible manner, modelling ordinal outcomes, and interpreting non-linear models).

Models as Prediction Machines: How to Convert Confusing Coefficients into Clear Quantities Abstract Psychological researchers usually make sense of regression models by interpreting coefficient estimates directly. This works well enough for simple linear models, but is more challenging for more complex models with, for example, categorical variables, interactions, non-linearities, and hierarchical structures. Here, we introduce an alternative approach to making sense of statistical models. The central idea is to abstract away from the mechanics of estimation, and to treat models as β€œcounterfactual prediction machines,” which are subsequently queried to estimate quantities and conduct tests that matter substantively. This workflow is model-agnostic; it can be applied in a consistent fashion to draw causal or descriptive inference from a wide range of models. We illustrate how to implement this workflow with the marginaleffects package, which supports over 100 different classes of models in R and Python, and present two worked examples. These examples show how the workflow can be applied across designs (e.g., observational study, randomized experiment) to answer different research questions (e.g., associations, causal effects, effect heterogeneity) while facing various challenges (e.g., controlling for confounders in a flexible manner, modelling ordinal outcomes, and interpreting non-linear models).

Figure illustrating model predictions. On the X-axis the predictor, annual gross income in Euro. On the Y-axis the outcome, predicted life satisfaction. A solid line marks the curve of predictions on which individual data points are marked as model-implied outcomes at incomes of interest. Comparing two such predictions gives us a comparison. We can also fit a tangent to the line of predictions, which illustrates the slope at any given point of the curve.

Figure illustrating model predictions. On the X-axis the predictor, annual gross income in Euro. On the Y-axis the outcome, predicted life satisfaction. A solid line marks the curve of predictions on which individual data points are marked as model-implied outcomes at incomes of interest. Comparing two such predictions gives us a comparison. We can also fit a tangent to the line of predictions, which illustrates the slope at any given point of the curve.

A figure illustrating various ways to include age as a predictor in a model. On the x-axis age (predictor), on the y-axis the outcome (model-implied importance of friends, including confidence intervals).

Illustrated are 
1. age as a categorical predictor, resultings in the predictions bouncing around a lot with wide confidence intervals
2. age as a linear predictor, which forces a straight line through the data points that has a very tight confidence band and
3. age splines, which lies somewhere in between as it smoothly follows the data but has more uncertainty than the straight line.

A figure illustrating various ways to include age as a predictor in a model. On the x-axis age (predictor), on the y-axis the outcome (model-implied importance of friends, including confidence intervals). Illustrated are 1. age as a categorical predictor, resultings in the predictions bouncing around a lot with wide confidence intervals 2. age as a linear predictor, which forces a straight line through the data points that has a very tight confidence band and 3. age splines, which lies somewhere in between as it smoothly follows the data but has more uncertainty than the straight line.

Ever stared at a table of regression coefficients & wondered what you're doing with your life?

Very excited to share this gentle introduction to another way of making sense of statistical models (w @vincentab.bsky.social)
Preprint: doi.org/10.31234/osf...
Website: j-rohrer.github.io/marginal-psy...

25.08.2025 11:49 β€” πŸ‘ 948    πŸ” 284    πŸ’¬ 48    πŸ“Œ 20

Ah, the author is "that" guy.

26.08.2025 15:27 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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How to Make a Functionalist Argument Article: How to Make a Functionalist Argument | Sociological Science | Posted August 14, 2025

possibly one of the most exciting theory papers in recent times, and just perfect that it's out there in the best sociology journal (imho).

from @acastroaraujo.bsky.social & @nicolasrestrepo.bsky.social:

14.08.2025 18:20 β€” πŸ‘ 22    πŸ” 4    πŸ’¬ 3    πŸ“Œ 0
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Nuance between philia and mania? β€’to like something means to find something agreeable, enjoyable, or satisfactory. β€’to have philia of something (eg. bibliophile) means to have friendly feeling toward something or have an abnormal

Btw. ell.stackexchange.com/questions/19...

18.07.2025 11:56 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
I am confused. Your title mentions multinomial independent variables, and then you discuss "questions about different experiences in the healthcare system" (implying multiple questions), and then "this variable is dichotomized" sounds like a single variable, and nothing multinomial about that. Can you please explain just what your indepedent and dependent variables are? (Also, can you move away from dichotomania?) – 
Stephan Kolassa
 Commented2 hours ago

@Stephan Kolassa The problem is misnamed. The problem is dichotophilia, an unreasonable affection for dichotomies. – 
Nick Cox
 Commented2 hours ago 

@NickCox: I have to respectfully disagree. Mania is characterized by "a state of abnormally elevated arousal, affect, and energy level", which quite evidently is involved when people apparently derive deep satisfaction from dichotomizing inherently numerical observations. – 
Stephan Kolassa
 Commented2 hours ago

Why do we say necrophilia? (Actually I don't usually talk about it, but there you go.) – 
Nick Cox
 Commented1 hour ago
https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/668701/what-is-the-right-way-to-handle-multinomial-independent-variables-in-logistic-re

I am confused. Your title mentions multinomial independent variables, and then you discuss "questions about different experiences in the healthcare system" (implying multiple questions), and then "this variable is dichotomized" sounds like a single variable, and nothing multinomial about that. Can you please explain just what your indepedent and dependent variables are? (Also, can you move away from dichotomania?) – Stephan Kolassa Commented2 hours ago @Stephan Kolassa The problem is misnamed. The problem is dichotophilia, an unreasonable affection for dichotomies. – Nick Cox Commented2 hours ago @NickCox: I have to respectfully disagree. Mania is characterized by "a state of abnormally elevated arousal, affect, and energy level", which quite evidently is involved when people apparently derive deep satisfaction from dichotomizing inherently numerical observations. – Stephan Kolassa Commented2 hours ago Why do we say necrophilia? (Actually I don't usually talk about it, but there you go.) – Nick Cox Commented1 hour ago https://stats.stackexchange.com/questions/668701/what-is-the-right-way-to-handle-multinomial-independent-variables-in-logistic-re

One more reason to be on CV.

18.07.2025 11:54 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
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Learn Stan with brms, Part I | A. Solomon Kurz y ~ 1

New #rstats blog up!

solomonkurz.netlify.app/blog/2025-07...

This is the first in a brief series where we use {brms} to learn {Stan} code.

Many thanks to @fusaroli.bsky.social and @stephenjwild.bsky.social for their helpful reviews.

07.07.2025 15:05 β€” πŸ‘ 105    πŸ” 36    πŸ’¬ 2    πŸ“Œ 1
Post image Post image Post image Post image

{tinytable} is a dead simple, ultra-flexible, and dependency-free #Rstats πŸ“¦ to turn data frames into beautiful tables: html, word, pdf, latex, typst, markdown, etc.

v0.10.0 has cool new features and important bug fixes. Check out the detailed tutorials at:

vincentarelbundock.github.io/tinytable/

03.07.2025 12:59 β€” πŸ‘ 290    πŸ” 70    πŸ’¬ 12    πŸ“Œ 4
Positivism is a Bundle of Words – blog Stop worrying about it.

TBH, I don't think we are "few"

acastroaraujo.github.io/blog/posts/2...

28.06.2025 22:48 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Oh, no: www.york.ac.uk/depts/maths/...

13.06.2025 22:29 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

Every time I write "the literature is mixed" what I mean is "I don't want to talk about it"

12.06.2025 08:27 β€” πŸ‘ 35    πŸ” 6    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
I don't know, but my guess is this: successful theories in the life sciences (e.g., Darwinian evolution, learning theory, economics, Downs' 1957 theory of party competition) center on attempts by an actor to maximize some single something (gene survival, rewards, utility, votes). But groups, other than commodity traders and political parties, either maximize many things or just sit there and don't maximize anything. And if we downshift from groups to individuals, it is unlikely we can beat psychology or economics at the individual actor basic theory game.

I don't know, but my guess is this: successful theories in the life sciences (e.g., Darwinian evolution, learning theory, economics, Downs' 1957 theory of party competition) center on attempts by an actor to maximize some single something (gene survival, rewards, utility, votes). But groups, other than commodity traders and political parties, either maximize many things or just sit there and don't maximize anything. And if we downshift from groups to individuals, it is unlikely we can beat psychology or economics at the individual actor basic theory game.

This also reminds me of Davis' argument (I know you know):

10.06.2025 17:13 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

If I let people around me to decide on this shared theory, I have to use terms like habitus, field, and capital culturel only. I understand the allure of something like utility model, but I don't think something similar would work for sociology, at least not now.

10.06.2025 17:13 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

I agree with your main argument and critique of so-called heterodox people (e.g., procedural prescriptions, nothing of substance). I am not sure about β€œthe boring reasons”, especially the first one.

10.06.2025 17:13 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
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Happy In Theory This is the short story of my long, 20 year search for a stable academic home. There is a lot of success and a lot of pain here, and no happy ending.

New Substack post

It's very personal: my story of a 20-year academic career, and the many challenges of theoretical and cross-disciplinary work

As I put it in the subtitle: There is a lot of success and a lot of pain here, and no happy ending

thomscottphillips.substack.com/p/happy-in-t...

23.05.2025 09:28 β€” πŸ‘ 105    πŸ” 41    πŸ’¬ 18    πŸ“Œ 8

That tattoo will also capture my experience with the causal inference literature in general.

11.05.2025 14:59 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

This is discouraging (in a good way). I guess things will get very complicated very quickly.

11.05.2025 13:17 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
Screenshot of the top parts of pages 5 and 6 of 'Getting Started in R - Tinyverse Edition' at https://github.com/eddelbuettel/gsir-te/

Screenshot of the top parts of pages 5 and 6 of 'Getting Started in R - Tinyverse Edition' at https://github.com/eddelbuettel/gsir-te/

The "Getting Started in R - Tinyverse Edition" eight-page pdf guide now has a 2nd edition using, appropriately, `tinyplot` as the plotting package.

See github.com/eddelbuettel... for more.

#rstats

20.04.2025 19:23 β€” πŸ‘ 107    πŸ” 25    πŸ’¬ 4    πŸ“Œ 1
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Not aging well (btw authors did not claim that).

12.03.2025 21:35 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
6Β  Counterfactual comparisons – Model to Meaning

I think this part is quite helpful if you want to figure out why you would like to use variables argument with avg_predictions: marginaleffects.com/chapters/com...

04.03.2025 15:50 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

Hey I know this, it’s my life (minus decent career) but

04.03.2025 13:50 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Even faced with the same data, ecologists sometimes come to opposite conclusions Study highlights powerful role subjective choices can play in research, though some critics urge caution about applying findings too broadly

I spoke with @cathleenogrady.bsky.social for this story on the many analysts paper in ecology. To me the concerning thing is the interpretation, not the (expected) finding.

www.science.org/content/arti...

27.02.2025 13:12 β€” πŸ‘ 43    πŸ” 17    πŸ’¬ 2    πŸ“Œ 5
Post image

nautil.us/why-science-...

15.02.2025 19:55 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Philosophers - History of Philosophy - Summarized & Visualized An interactive summary of the history of philosophy showing the dis/agreement relationships between ideas

FRESH WORK
After 10 years of work on the sentence-based version of my History of Philosophy, I created an auxiliary interactive visualization, a force-directed graph with philosophers as nodes.

Link:
denizcemonduygu.com/philo/philos...

Detailed post:
www.denizcemonduygu.com/philo/new-fo...

29.01.2025 11:21 β€” πŸ‘ 35    πŸ” 8    πŸ’¬ 2    πŸ“Œ 2

There are many difficulties in studying multicausal events, but the one that interests me is the problem that these causes operate on different time scales. Are there any good resources on this topic?

29.01.2025 11:19 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

@tegedik is following 20 prominent accounts