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Jonathan Gienapp

@jgienapp.bsky.social

Professor of History and Law, Stanford University. Books on early Constitution: http://tinyurl.com/yynk95aa; and originalism and history: http://tinyurl.com/3dd5hnt6 jonathangienapp.com

1,763 Followers  |  456 Following  |  78 Posts  |  Joined: 20.02.2025
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Posts by Jonathan Gienapp (@jgienapp.bsky.social)

Much appreciated! This is high praise. I’m very glad you identified and grasped the central point too.

27.02.2026 23:30 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
The Constitution and Historical Rupture
Jonathan Gienapp*

The Constitution and Historical Rupture Jonathan Gienapp*

Despite what they sometimes say about recovering the history of past law, Baude and Sachs have insisted that "ordinary lawyer's work" handles history in "artificially limited" and often "anachronistic" ways. 318 That is the law's story about itself. Rather than return to the past in earnest to unwind the ruptures that have transformed our law, this approach exploits the law's fiction of continuity to minimize the relevance of those historical changes to our legal consciousness. This strategy would create a different problem, however, and one no less severe. It would sever originalists from the constitutional world that the Founders knew and force them to admit that they are doing something other than faithfully reconstructing the past. Doing so would essentially revive the old common-law style, and, with it, collapse originalism into something indistinguishable from living constitutionalism. If the past is remade on the terms of the legal present, it can no longer credibly serve as the neutral source of adjudication that originalists have always claimed it to be. It instead would become the artificial creation of our living law.

Despite what they sometimes say about recovering the history of past law, Baude and Sachs have insisted that "ordinary lawyer's work" handles history in "artificially limited" and often "anachronistic" ways. 318 That is the law's story about itself. Rather than return to the past in earnest to unwind the ruptures that have transformed our law, this approach exploits the law's fiction of continuity to minimize the relevance of those historical changes to our legal consciousness. This strategy would create a different problem, however, and one no less severe. It would sever originalists from the constitutional world that the Founders knew and force them to admit that they are doing something other than faithfully reconstructing the past. Doing so would essentially revive the old common-law style, and, with it, collapse originalism into something indistinguishable from living constitutionalism. If the past is remade on the terms of the legal present, it can no longer credibly serve as the neutral source of adjudication that originalists have always claimed it to be. It instead would become the artificial creation of our living law.

this, from prof @jgienapp.bsky.social, is the most devastating criticism of originalism i’ve ever read. i truly hope that scholars don’t miss the radical nature of his *conceptual* rupture claim. i look forward to reading the book. papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....

27.02.2026 02:42 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

See what the Dean doesn’t understand is that I really have two jobs: my job job, and then answering email

25.02.2026 14:52 β€” πŸ‘ 22    πŸ” 3    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
No. 25-365
IN THE
Supreme Court of the United States
____________________
DONALD J. TRUMP, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES,
ET AL.,
Petitioners,
v.
BARBARA, ET AL.,
Respondents.
____________________
On Writ of Certiorari Before Judgment to the
United States Court of Appeals for the
First Circuit
____________________
BRIEF OF CHINESE AMERICAN LEGAL
DEFENSE ALLIANCE AS AMICUS CURIAE
IN SUPPORT OF RESPONDENTS
____________________
JUSTIN SADOWSKY
Counsel of Record
CHINESE AMERICAN LEGAL
DEFENSE ALLIANCE
4250 N. Fairfax Drive #600
Arlington, VA 22203

No. 25-365 IN THE Supreme Court of the United States ____________________ DONALD J. TRUMP, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, ET AL., Petitioners, v. BARBARA, ET AL., Respondents. ____________________ On Writ of Certiorari Before Judgment to the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit ____________________ BRIEF OF CHINESE AMERICAN LEGAL DEFENSE ALLIANCE AS AMICUS CURIAE IN SUPPORT OF RESPONDENTS ____________________ JUSTIN SADOWSKY Counsel of Record CHINESE AMERICAN LEGAL DEFENSE ALLIANCE 4250 N. Fairfax Drive #600 Arlington, VA 22203

vi
Anna O. Law, Migration and the
Origins of American Citizenship:
African Americans, Native
Americans and Immigration 41
(Oxford University Press) (pub.
forthcoming 2026) ................................... 5, 6, 7, 13
Annuaire l'Inst de Droit Int'l , xiv (1877)
[1994] .................................................................. 16
Bernadette Meyler, The Gestation of
Birthright Citizenship, 1868-1898:
States’ Rights, The Law of Nations,
and Mutual Consent 521,
Georgetown Univ. L.J. Vol. 15 (2001) .................. 8
Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Ted Cruz,
et al. in Support of Petitioners,
Trump v. Barbara, No. 25-365 (U.S.
Jan. 28, 2026). .......................................... 2, 29, 32
Brief for Petitioner, Trump v. Barbara,
No. 25-365 (U.S. Sep. 26, 2025) .............. 2, 26, 32
Brief of Respondents, Trump v.
Barbara, No. 25-365 (U.S. Oct. 29,
2025) ..................................................................... 9
Brief for the United States, United
States v. Wong Kim Ark, 169 U.S.
649, No. 132 (1898) .......................... 18, 20, 30, 32
Caroline Jordan, Remaking Life: The
Culture of Chinese Transcontinental
Railroad Workers 1, The Purdue
Historian Vol. 12, art. 3 (2025) ............................ 6
Cong. Globe, 1st Sess. 39th Cong.
(1866). ............................................

vi Anna O. Law, Migration and the Origins of American Citizenship: African Americans, Native Americans and Immigration 41 (Oxford University Press) (pub. forthcoming 2026) ................................... 5, 6, 7, 13 Annuaire l'Inst de Droit Int'l , xiv (1877) [1994] .................................................................. 16 Bernadette Meyler, The Gestation of Birthright Citizenship, 1868-1898: States’ Rights, The Law of Nations, and Mutual Consent 521, Georgetown Univ. L.J. Vol. 15 (2001) .................. 8 Brief Amici Curiae of Senator Ted Cruz, et al. in Support of Petitioners, Trump v. Barbara, No. 25-365 (U.S. Jan. 28, 2026). .......................................... 2, 29, 32 Brief for Petitioner, Trump v. Barbara, No. 25-365 (U.S. Sep. 26, 2025) .............. 2, 26, 32 Brief of Respondents, Trump v. Barbara, No. 25-365 (U.S. Oct. 29, 2025) ..................................................................... 9 Brief for the United States, United States v. Wong Kim Ark, 169 U.S. 649, No. 132 (1898) .......................... 18, 20, 30, 32 Caroline Jordan, Remaking Life: The Culture of Chinese Transcontinental Railroad Workers 1, The Purdue Historian Vol. 12, art. 3 (2025) ............................ 6 Cong. Globe, 1st Sess. 39th Cong. (1866). ............................................

In a first, my book Migration and the Origins of American Citizenship is cited in the amicus filed by the Chinese American Legal Defense Alliance in defense of birthright citizenship. The scholarship of Lucy Salyer, Sam Erman, and Nathan Perl-Rosenthal among other historians are also cited.

26.02.2026 13:48 β€” πŸ‘ 206    πŸ” 30    πŸ’¬ 7    πŸ“Œ 0

Wow! Thanks so much! This is really meaningful.

25.02.2026 07:33 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
Pictured: The cover of Jonathan Gienapp's "The Second Creation".

Not pictured: The pages with filled with margin notes and highlighted quotes from primary sources, or great turns of phrase from Gienapp.

Pictured: The cover of Jonathan Gienapp's "The Second Creation". Not pictured: The pages with filled with margin notes and highlighted quotes from primary sources, or great turns of phrase from Gienapp.

Hard to oversell how incredibly good @jgienapp.bsky.social's "The Second Creation" is. Just incredible, subtle, mind-altering constitutional history.

25.02.2026 05:55 β€” πŸ‘ 15    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 2    πŸ“Œ 1
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1/x Really excited to say that my job talk paper, β€œRemembering Congress in the Myers-to-Humphrey’s Interregnum,” is coming out through the Pennsylvania Law Review. I am dying to work with Penn’s outstanding editors to bring this paper to the finish line. Thanks, y’all!

23.02.2026 12:17 β€” πŸ‘ 74    πŸ” 18    πŸ’¬ 8    πŸ“Œ 1
Preview
Supreme Court’s Radical Immunity Ruling Shields Lawbreaking PresidentsΒ and Undermines Democracy The Court’s opinion in Trump v. United States is a dangerous attack on the rule of law.

The Supreme Court blocked Trump’s tariffs, but don’t forget: The same Court brought us the anti-constitutional abomination of presidential immunity.

www.brennancenter.org/our-work/ana...

21.02.2026 14:29 β€” πŸ‘ 17    πŸ” 12    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

University of Michigan: On Friday, come participate in a day-long conference discussing/criticizing my new book *The Oldest Constitutional Question: Enumeration and Federal Power.*

With Profs. Jack Balkin (Yale), Maggie Blackhawk (NYU), Sam Erman (Michigan), Jonathan Gienapp (Stanford)…

(1/4)

22.02.2026 23:38 β€” πŸ‘ 32    πŸ” 8    πŸ’¬ 2    πŸ“Œ 0

Among the critical points @jgienapp.bsky.social reiterates here is that many early Americans were anti-legalists, but even early lawyers saw the Constitution as different from ordinary law, requiring "a different interpretive style and conceptual toolkit." An important (& highly entertaining) read!

18.02.2026 13:55 β€” πŸ‘ 17    πŸ” 4    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 1

I have been waiting to post about this new essay until the symposium on my book of which it is a part is published (should be very soon!), but until then, you can check out what I have to say in response to some thoughtful esays.

Deep thanks to @evanbernick.bsky.social for this generous promotion.

18.02.2026 04:12 β€” πŸ‘ 61    πŸ” 13    πŸ’¬ 2    πŸ“Œ 2

Thanks so much! This is high praise and very much appreciated. I'm glad you found it to be of such value.

18.02.2026 04:12 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

Thanks Chris! And I hope all is well!

18.02.2026 04:09 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

Thanks so much Anna! Deeply appreciated.

18.02.2026 04:09 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
The Constitution and Historical
Rupture
69 Pages
Posted: 5 Feb 2026
Jonathan Gienapp
Stanford University
Date Written: January 24, 2026
Abstract This essay is a response for a symposium on my book, Against Constitutional Originalism: A Historical Critique. It responds to criticisms made against it
while further developing the book's central themes. It contends that the problem of historical ruptureβ€” that the eighteenth-century U.S. Constitution presupposed a very different way of thinking about constitutionalism and law than reigns todayβ€”is the most important problem implicated by the theory of constitutional originalism, and yet remains largely neglected. It further contends that were originalists to finally confront this problem, the theory could not
survive that reckoning, not without abandoning its
definino features

The Constitution and Historical Rupture 69 Pages Posted: 5 Feb 2026 Jonathan Gienapp Stanford University Date Written: January 24, 2026 Abstract This essay is a response for a symposium on my book, Against Constitutional Originalism: A Historical Critique. It responds to criticisms made against it while further developing the book's central themes. It contends that the problem of historical ruptureβ€” that the eighteenth-century U.S. Constitution presupposed a very different way of thinking about constitutionalism and law than reigns todayβ€”is the most important problem implicated by the theory of constitutional originalism, and yet remains largely neglected. It further contends that were originalists to finally confront this problem, the theory could not survive that reckoning, not without abandoning its definino features

@jgienapp.bsky.social responds at great length to critics of his criticism of originalism. It’s a tour de force. read it. papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers....

17.02.2026 17:57 β€” πŸ‘ 333    πŸ” 86    πŸ’¬ 6    πŸ“Œ 5

I had a great time taking part in this conversation on originalism in the lower courts with my excellent colleagues, @orinkerr.bsky.social and Jud Campbell. Thanks to Short Circuit for putting together such a terrific event.

13.02.2026 20:30 β€” πŸ‘ 7    πŸ” 4    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

I really enjoyed this podcast conversation about originalism in the lower courts, with experts on originalism @jgienapp.bsky.social and Jud Campbell. Thanks to the Short Circuit crowd for having us.

13.02.2026 19:33 β€” πŸ‘ 24    πŸ” 6    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
Preview
Short Circuit 415 | Originalism at Stanford - Institute for Justice An all-star conversation among Stanford professors, recorded live before Stanford students, about originalism and how it interacts with recent cases from the federal courts of […]

Our Latest Podcast: Originalism at Stanford

With @jgienapp.bsky.social @orinkerr.bsky.social & Jud Campbell!

ij.org/podcasts/sho...

13.02.2026 18:42 β€” πŸ‘ 6    πŸ” 3    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 3

Preach!

07.02.2026 05:36 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Bruh, they got @jgienapp.bsky.social going for like $12 on amazon. Easiest purchase of your life.

06.02.2026 17:54 β€” πŸ‘ 8    πŸ” 4    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 1

Andrea Katz explained this better than I could/did in this morning’s Times: www.nytimes.com/2026/01/21/o...

(Great also to see shoutouts to the work of Historians Council members @jgienapp.bsky.social and @narosenblum.bsky.social)

21.01.2026 13:19 β€” πŸ‘ 14    πŸ” 5    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
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Tomorrow, SCOTUS is hearing Trump v. Cook, a case involving President Trump’s attempts to remove Lisa Cook from the Fed. It’s a glaring example of the admin's coercive approach to power. And it could pose BIG problems, even if SCOTUS ultimately rules for Cook.

Walk with me...πŸ§΅β¬‡οΈ@brennancenter.org

20.01.2026 19:26 β€” πŸ‘ 146    πŸ” 42    πŸ’¬ 4    πŸ“Œ 4
Preview
Historians’ Amicus Brief in Trump v. Slaughter Professors Jonathan Gienapp and Andrea Scoseria Katz, represented by Kaplan Martin LLP, filed a brief challenging the removal of a commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission.

But this β€œFed carveout” is bunk, as a historical matter.

Historians have also shown that the unitary executive theory is operating in a whole space of dubious history.

From @jgienapp.bsky.social:
www.brennancenter.org/our-work/res...

20.01.2026 19:26 β€” πŸ‘ 18    πŸ” 3    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
20.01.2026 01:24 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

Thank you. I hope you enjoy.

01.01.2026 18:11 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

For anyone interested in how to confront originalism, this is an invaluable and FREE resource designed by folks who have been leading the fight. Please give this important manual a read and spread the word! @tomtmwolf.bsky.social @sam-breidbart.bsky.social @cisozaki.bsky.social

12.12.2025 02:37 β€” πŸ‘ 35    πŸ” 19    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 2