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@cp-neuron.bsky.social

Neuron publishes ground-breaking research papers, reviews & commentary across neuroscience and is a premier intellectual forum for the neuroscience community. https://www.cell.com/neuron/home

1,304 Followers  |  27 Following  |  332 Posts  |  Joined: 19.12.2024  |  1.7783

Latest posts by cp-neuron.bsky.social on Bluesky

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Developmental reprogramming in melanocortin neurons modulates diet-induced obesity in mice Xu et al. show that a developmental β€œswitch” in the hypothalamus determines whether immature neurons become appetite suppressing or appetite stimulating. Disrupting this switch reshapes feeding behavior and protects mice from obesity, revealing how early-life programming shapes lifelong metabolic health.
16.02.2026 19:36 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Feature-tuned synaptic inputs to somatostatin interneurons drive context-dependent processing Combining intracellular and extracellular recordings, calcium imaging, and holographic circuit mapping, Hendricks et al. identify a feature-specific pyramidal cell-to-somatostatin interneuron microcircuit in the visual cortex. This tuned β€œlike-to-like” pattern of excitatory synaptic architecture implements contextual computations that may underlie figure/ground perception.
16.02.2026 16:23 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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The representation and valuation of subgoals in the human brain during model-based hierarchical behavior Human behavior relies on the ability to simplify complex goals using interim subgoals and the ability to plan using an internal model of the world. Grossman et al. demonstrate that the brain represents subgoals and computes values for choices in relation to those subgoals using a world model.
13.02.2026 16:23 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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A dorsal hippocampus-prodynorphinergic dorsolateral septum-to-lateral hypothalamus circuit mediates contextual gating of feeding Goode et al. show that prodynorphin (Pdyn)-expressing neurons of the dorsolateral septum (DLS) receive substantial dorsal hippocampal (DHPC) input and inhibit lateral hypothalamic (LHA) GABAergic neurons. DLS(Pdyn) activity is changed by training for food, is context-sensitive, and its disruption by optogenetics (or Pdyn deletion) in DHPC-DLS(Pdyn)-LHA circuits impairs conditioned feeding.
13.02.2026 13:35 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Enhancer dynamics and cellular architecture in the human spinal cord Kandror et al. present an innovative framework redefining human spinal cord cellular diversity through epigenetic configuration and spatial organization. They identify unseen enhancer classes, show cell-type-specific reconfiguration of gene regulatory networks along the rostrocaudal axis, and uncover cellular networks mediated by discrete paracrine signaling, challenging conventional definitions of cellular state.
13.02.2026 00:08 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Exercise-induced activation of ventromedial hypothalamic steroidogenic factor-1 neurons mediates improvements in endurance Kindel et al. show that repeated exercise potentiates the activity of ventromedial hypothalamic SF1-expressing neurons. SF1 neural activity is required for mice to achieve the endurance benefits of exercise, and stimulation of SF1 neurons following training enhances endurance. This highlights the CNS as a critical component mediating adaptations to exercise.
12.02.2026 19:36 β€” πŸ‘ 5    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Two-photon voltage imaging with rhodopsin-based sensors Rhodopsin-based GEVIs were thought to lose voltage sensitivity with two-photon excitation, limiting their utility for deep in vivo imaging. We introduce Jarvis, a bright and photostable GEVI, and demonstrate that, along with pAce and Voltron2, it enables high-contrast two-photon voltage imaging and AP detection at kilohertz rates.
12.02.2026 16:23 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 1
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A bone-derived hormone permits rapid visual escape via GPR37 receptor in a subpopulation of VTA GABAergic neurons Liu et al. reveal that osteocalcin (OCN) drives rapid visual escape by activating GPR37 in VTA GABA-Glu neurons, enhancing excitability via the OCN-GPR37-cAMP-THIK-1 pathway. This work links bone-derived signals to neural circuits and survival behaviors.
11.02.2026 16:23 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Cognitive rejuvenation through partial reprogramming of engram cells Berdugo-Vega et al. combine partial reprogramming and engram technologies to achieve molecular rejuvenation of learning-associated neuronal ensembles. Engram reprogramming counteracts molecular, cellular, and electrophysiological signs of aging and disease and is associated with behavioral improvements that are consistent with a rejuvenation of learning and memory capacities.
10.02.2026 16:23 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Cortical traveling waves in time and space: Physics, physiology, and psychology Cruddas et al. reviewed how core concepts from wave physics relate to cortical wave physiology and psychology. They examined how cortical waves emerge, how they facilitate coordinated, hierarchical, and counterstream dynamics, and how they encode perceptual and behavioral signals.
09.02.2026 19:37 β€” πŸ‘ 4    πŸ” 2    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Temporal-orbitofrontal pathway regulates choices across physical reward and visual novelty Novelty can directly impact valuation of future outcomes, affecting how we choose among rewards such as food or money. This is the case even when novelty is objectively valueless. Here, Ogasawara et al. shed light on how a temporal-orbitofrontal cortical circuit integrates novelty and physical reward to regulate decision-making.
09.02.2026 16:23 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Structures of the honeybee GABAA RDL receptor illuminate allosteric modulation LabourΓ© et al. investigate the honeybee GABAA receptor, a protein targeted by many insecticides, using structural biology. The authors map out three specific allosteric binding sites on the receptor’s structure. One of those sites is a previously unknown allosteric site in the transmembrane domain.
06.02.2026 19:36 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Potentiation of active locomotor state by spinal-projecting serotonergic neurons Fenstermacher et al. map the structure and activity of spinal-projecting serotonergic neurons and show that 5-HT populations are engaged in a context-dependent manner during locomotion. Activation of ventrally projecting 5-HT neurons enhances the speed and endurance of ongoing locomotion, revealing serotonergic neurons can potentiate motor output over extended time scales.
06.02.2026 16:24 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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A neural circuit framework for economic choice: From building blocks of valuation to compositionality in multitasking Battista et al. use biologically plausible RNNs to uncover the circuit mechanisms of economic choice. They propose a two-stage framework where feedforward inputs compute offer values and recurrent inhibition drives comparison. This architecture explains how the brain generalizes preferences and multitasks using compositional neural codes, offering a unified theory of decision-making.
05.02.2026 13:35 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat RNA drives transcriptional dysregulation through genome-wide DNA:RNA hybrid G-quadruplexes Liu et al. demonstrate that expanded C9orf72 G4C2 repeat RNAs bind gene promoters across the genome and form HQ structures with DNA. These structures obstruct key transcription machinery, repress gene expression, and heighten neuronal vulnerability, providing mechanistic insights into neurodegeneration in ALS and FTD.
05.02.2026 00:08 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Synapse-specific and plasticity-regulated AMPA receptor mobility tunes synaptic integration Short-term plasticity (STP) filters synaptic inputs across rapid timescales. Nowacka et al. show that postsynaptic AMPAR desensitization and diffusion-trapping, shaped by auxiliary subunits and activity-dependent signaling, generate synapse-specific gain control. By broadening temporal filtering and adjusting short-term depression, receptor mobility emerges as a central regulator of circuit information processing.
04.02.2026 19:36 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
Issue: Neuron

www.cell.com/neuron/current

04.02.2026 18:59 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0

New issue of Neuron is out today. On the cover, a group from Fourth Military Medical University in Xi’an, China identify a novel C5aR1+ microglial subtype in human cerebral edema after brain injury.

04.02.2026 18:57 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0
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Hippocampal estrogen levels, receptor types, and epigenetics contribute to sex-specific memory vulnerabilities to concurrent acute stresses Acute concurrent stresses provoke lasting, sex-dependent memory problems. Hokenson, RodrΓ­guez-Acevedo, et al. find that high hippocampal estrogen levels in mice generate permissive chromatin states, allowing both adaptive plasticity and vulnerability to acute concurrent stresses. Stress vulnerability involves estrogen receptor (ER)Ξ± in males and ERΞ² in females.
04.02.2026 16:23 β€” πŸ‘ 4    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Identification of an engram ensemble mediating memory forgetting in the dentate gyrus Hu et al. show that the dentate gyrus engram comprises two neuronal ensembles: one supports remembering, and the other promotes forgetting. By shifting the balance between these ensembles via Rac1 signaling, the brain flexibly controls recall. Dysfunctions of the forgetting ensemble contribute to memory abnormalities in models of Alzheimer’s disease and autism.
04.02.2026 13:35 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Granular motivational interaction and behavioral choice during feeding Liu et al. propose the theoretical framework β€œgranular motivational interaction orchestrates real-time behavioral choice,” exploring the dynamic interactions of granular motivational states in the feeding process, their neural bases, disrupting factors, and implications for understanding intelligence and psychiatric disorders.
04.02.2026 00:08 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Converging dopamine pathways onto basolateral amygdala neurons encode exploration decisions Using mouse models, Zheng et al. show that social engagement promotes both innate and experience-dependent exploration. Dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) encode risk assessment and exploratory motivation through firing pattern-biased DA transmission, thereby shaping exploration decisions via competing VTADA pathways that converge onto basolateral amygdala neurons.
03.02.2026 19:36 β€” πŸ‘ 4    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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A mesoscale optogenetics system for precise and robust stimulation of the primate cortex Li et al. present a microLED-based mesoscale optogenetic system for centimeter-scale, million-pixel primate cortical stimulation. Optogenetically evoked saccades with accurate retinotopic organization remain stable for over a year, demonstrating precise, robust, and durable neuromodulation and charting a path toward next-generation optical brain-computer interfaces and visual prostheses.
03.02.2026 16:23 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 2    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 1
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Runx1 transcription factor modulates opioid analgesia and withdrawal in humans and rodents Opioid responses differ across individuals. Runt-related transcription factor 1 (Runx1) modulates the microglial transcriptome, influencing opioid analgesia and withdrawal. RUNX1 variants may underlie inter-individual differences in opioid responses, guiding personalized strategies to optimize opioid pain management and minimize adverse outcomes.
30.01.2026 19:36 β€” πŸ‘ 0    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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CB1R and GlyT2 interaction in spinal glycinergic circuits drives neuropathic mechanical pain Wang et al. reveal how nerve injury causes mechanical allodynia. It triggers endocannabinoid release, which disables the spinal Gly-PKCΞ³ β€œallodynia gate” by disrupting inhibitory control. They develop a peptide that reverses this process, offering a promising strategy to alleviate chronic pain.
30.01.2026 16:24 β€” πŸ‘ 1    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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The neuroimmune axis: Integrating two systems to decipher itch Crosstalk between the nervous and immune systems is imperative to maintain homeostasis, and disruptions to this balance can drive pathology. In this review, Kothari and Dong discuss neuroimmune mechanisms that regulate itch, with an emphasis on pruritic diseases and therapies.
29.01.2026 00:09 β€” πŸ‘ 4    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Spontaneous behavior is a succession of self-directed tasks Weinreb et al. reveal a hierarchy of timescales in mouse behavior, including low-level syllables and high-level behavioral states. States and syllables are encoded in different brain areas. Prefrontal encoding of behavioral states identifies principles common to both structured tasks and spontaneous behavior.
28.01.2026 19:36 β€” πŸ‘ 19    πŸ” 6    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 2
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Transcranial focused ultrasound in the human brain Transcranial focused ultrasound is emerging as a possible novel therapeutic tool for neurological and psychiatric disorders. This review covers three promising applications of this technology in human brain disorders based on high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) and low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU).
28.01.2026 16:24 β€” πŸ‘ 3    πŸ” 0    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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The layer 6b theory of attention Zolnik et al. propose that the long-overlooked neocortical layer 6b (L6b) supports a key circuit for attention and related cognitive functions. L6b integrates neuromodulatory and cortical feedback to trigger, sustain, and precisely control higher-order thalamocortical loops needed for attentive processing.
23.01.2026 16:23 β€” πŸ‘ 2    πŸ” 1    πŸ’¬ 0    πŸ“Œ 0
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Intestinal interoception: A nexus of environment-body-brain interactions Salvador, Golynker, et al. discuss anatomical and functional principles of intestinal interoception. They explore how environmental factors impact interoceptive signaling, how interoceptive dysfunction contributes to disease pathogenesis, and how molecular enhancement of interoceptive function may restore organismal homeostasis.
23.01.2026 13:35 β€” πŸ‘ 18    πŸ” 13    πŸ’¬ 1    πŸ“Œ 0

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