Antiretroviral Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis

This provides further rationale for antiretroviral therapy to treat MS. More at art4ms.com

EBV Dysregulation Is Associated With Immune Imbalance in Multiple Sclerosis | Neurology Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation Background and ObjectivesEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is a prerequisite for the development of multiple sclerosis (MS), yet whether EBV acts merely as a trigger at disease onset or also contribu...

EBV Dysregulation Is Associated With Immune Imbalance in Multiple Sclerosis

www.neurology.org/doi/10.1212/...

art4ms.com - Antiretroviral Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis EBV drives Multiple Sclerosis. Elimination of EBV is a rational therapy for MS. The antiviral medication tenofovir alafenamide inhibits of EBV reactivation.

EBV causes Multiple Sclerosis. Evidence indicating that EBV drives MS is growing. If EBV drives MS then elimination of EBV would be a rational therapy. There are licensed drugs with activity against EBV, such as the antiviral tenofovir alafenamide. #multiplesclerosis #ms #ebv

art4ms.com

See the following dropbox link for a number of scientific papers indicating that EBV is the cause and driver of MS disease activity, and on potential antiviral therapies. #MS #EBV #multiplesclerosis

www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/1qutc...

Discoveries beyond molecular mimicry describe how EBV drives multiple sclerosis

www.dropbox.com/scl/fi/ueqii...

Myelin antigen capture in the CNS by B cells expressing EBV latent membrane protein 1 leads to demyelinating lesion formation

www.cell.com/cell/fulltex...

Anoctamin-2-specific T cells link Epstein-Barr virus to multiple sclerosis

www.cell.com/cell/fulltex...

EBV infection and HLA-DR15 jointly drive multiple sclerosis by myelin peptide presentation EBV infection alters the transcriptome of B cells, which leads to presentation of MBP peptides on HLA-DR15 molecules. MBP peptide-specific CD4+ T cells are found in the peripheral immune compartment a...

3 new reports on the mechanistic underpinnings of multiple sclerosis and Epstein-Barr virus involvement published in Cell

EBV infection and HLA-DR15 jointly drive multiple sclerosis by myelin peptide presentation

www.cell.com/cell/fulltex...

Repurposing Licensed Drugs with Activity Against Epstein-Barr Virus for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Approach - PubMed Scientific and lived experience expert panel review of anti-EBV therapies selected four candidates with evidence for efficacy against EBV and acceptable safety and tolerability for potential use in phase III clinical trials for MS.

The authors of this paper created a list of therapies with anti-EBV effects.

Repurposing Licensed Drugs with Activity Against Epstein-Barr Virus for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Approach

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39792343/

#ebv #ms #multiplesclerosis #ebvcausesmsn#art4ms

Broader Epstein–Barr virus–specific T cell receptor repertoire in patients with multiple sclerosis #ebv #ms #multiplesclerosis #ART4MS #EBVcausesMS

rupress.org/jem/article-...

Longitudinal analysis reveals high prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus associated with multiple sclerosis Epstein-Barr virus infection precedes symptoms and biomarkers of multiple sclerosis and markedly increases disease risk.

#MultipleSclerosis is caused by #EBV. The risk of #MS increased 32-fold after infection with EBV. Serum levels of neurofilament light chain increased only after EBV infection. These findings suggest EBV as the leading cause of MS.

www.science.org/doi/10.1126/...

EBV as the “gluten of MS” hypothesis provides a rationale for trialing antiviral therapies #EBV #MS #multiplesclerosis #EBVcausesMS #ART4MS

www.msard-journal.com/article/S221...

The case for targeting latent and lytic
Epstein-Barr virus infection in multiple sclerosis #ms #ebv #ebvcausesms #multiplesclerosis #art4ms

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...

Human immunodeficiency virus and multiple sclerosis: a review of the literature - Neurological Research and Practice Multiple sclerosis (MS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are frequent and well-studied nosological entities. Yet, comorbidity of MS and HIV has only been rarely reported in the medical...

There is a reduced risk of developing MS in HIV+ patients taking antiretroviral therapy. There are also several cases of patients who presented indefinite remission or resolution of multiple sclerosis symptoms after induction of ART.
#ms #ebv #multiplesclerosis

link.springer.com/article/10.1...

In the era of antiviral trials for multiple sclerosis the answer lies in the details
#ebv #ms #multiplesclerosis #art4ms #antiviral

www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/1qutc...

Radiologic and clinical stability in an HIV-negative multiple sclerosis patient after #tenofovir: An updated case report
#MultipleSclerosis #MS #EBV

www.dropbox.com/scl/fo/1qutc...

HIV infection and multiple sclerosis: a case with unexpected “no evidence of disease activity” status - Fernando Labella, Fernando Acebrón, María del Carmen Blanco-Valero, Alba Rodrígez-Martín, Ángela... Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system whose etiology remains unclear. It has been suggested that MS can...

HIV infection and multiple sclerosis: a case with unexpected “no evidence of disease activity” status #multiplesclerosis #ms #antiviral #ebv #antiretroviral #taf #tenofovir

journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10....

Tenofovir as a treatment option for multiple sclerosis Some antiretroviral medications are also inhibitors of EBV. We describe a patient with highly active MS who was infected with HIV and started HIV-trea…

Tenofovir as a treatment option for multiple sclerosis

www.sciencedirect.com/science/arti...

#MS #EBV #MultipleSclerosis

This indicates that the standard dose of TAF may be lower than optimal for EBV, as the EC90 is a typical therapeutic target. This data comes from an in vitro assay and the optimal dose needs to be determined in humans.

Necessary, but insufficient Getting naysayers to understand and accept “EBV is necessary, but insufficient to develop MS” is important, as they often review and reject grant applications. And .....

#MS_Selfie Newsletter - Necessary, but insufficient

Getting naysayers to understand and accept “EBV is necessary, but insufficient to develop MS” is important, as they often review and reject grant applications. And ..... => buff.ly/8rCPzQJ

Tenofovir prodrugs potently inhibit Epstein–Barr virus lytic DNA replication by targeting the viral DNA polymerase
#EBV #MS #MultipleSclerosis #antivirals #ARTMS #ART4MS

www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/...

The below chart has important implications regarding TAF dose. Fig 5G indicates that the standard dose of TAF would reach a concentration needed to block 40% of DNA replication (EC40) mediated by the EBV polymerase after 40 min in their in vitro assay.

www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/...

#ms #ebv

Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), are both tenofovir prodrugs that improve the absorption and delivery of tenofovir, which gets converted into its active form inside cells to stop viral replication #multiplesclerosis #ebv #ms

www.descovyhcp.com/taf-pharmaco...

TAF is a newer generation prodrug designed for better tissue targeting, allowing for lower doses. A 25mg dose of TAF leads to higher tenofovir concentrations in lymphocytes compared to a 300mg dose of TDF.

Tenofovir disoproxil fumerate TDF at 300mg daily has been used for PrEP for over a decade. This may indicate that doses of tenofovir alafenamide fumerate TAF greater than 25mg are safe long term, however this needs further study. #PrEP #MultipleSclerosis #EBV

art4ms.com - Antiretroviral Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis EBV drives Multiple Sclerosis. Elimination of EBV is a rational therapy for MS. The antiviral medication tenofovir alafenamide inhibits of EBV reactivation.

Below are clinical trials looking at tenofovir for treatment of Multiple Sclerosis. #EBV #antiretroviral #MS #antiviral art4ms.com

clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT059...

mstrials.org.au/fatigue-in-r...

www.helse-bergen.no/en/neuro-sys...

art4ms.com - Antiretroviral Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis EBV drives Multiple Sclerosis. Elimination of EBV is a rational therapy for MS. The antiviral medication tenofovir alafenamide inhibits of EBV reactivation.

EBV causes Multiple Sclerosis. Evidence indicating that EBV drives MS is growing. If EBV is drives MS then elimination of EBV would be a rational therapy. There are licensed drugs with activity against EBV, such as the antiviral tenofovir alafenamide. #multiplesclerosis #ms #ebv

art4ms.com